Python中ini配置文件读写的实现

导入模块

import configparser # py3

写入

config = configparser.ConfigParser()

config["DEFAULT"] = {
    'ServerAliveInterval': '45',
    'Compression': 'yes',
    'CompressionLevel': '9'
    }

config['bitbucket.org'] = {}
config['bitbucket.org']['User'] = 'hg'

config['topsecret.server.com'] = {}
topsecret = config['topsecret.server.com']
topsecret['Host Port'] = '50022'  # mutates the parser
topsecret['ForwardX11'] = 'no'  # same here

config['DEFAULT']['ForwardX11'] = 'yes'

# 写入文件
with open('example.ini', 'w') as configfile:
    config.write(configfile)

读取

config = configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read("example.ini")

print(config.defaults())
# OrderedDict([('compression', 'yes')])

print(config.sections())
# ['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.server.com']

print(config['bitbucket.org']['User'])
# hg

print(config.options("topsecret.server.com"))
# ['port', 'compression']

print(config.items("topsecret.server.com"))
# [('compression', 'yes'), ('port', '50022')]

print(config.get("topsecret.server.com", "port"))
# 50022

修改

print(config.has_section("Name"))

# 删除
config.remove_section("Name")

# 添加
config.add_section("Name")
config["Name"]["name"] = "Tom"
config["Name"]["asname"] = "Jimi"

# 设置
config.remove_option("Name", "asname")
config.set("Name", "name", "Jack")

# 保存
config.write(open("example.ini", "w"))

附：ini文件

[DEFAULT]
serveraliveinterval = 45
compression = yes
compressionlevel = 9
forwardx11 = yes

[bitbucket.org]
user = hg

[topsecret.server.com]
host port = 50022
forwardx11 = no

help(configparser)

"""
CLASSES

    class ConfigParser(RawConfigParser)
     |  ConfigParser implementing interpolation.
     |  
     |  add_section(self, section)
     |      Create a new section in the configuration.  Extends
     |      RawConfigParser.add_section by validating if the section name is
     |      a string.
     |  
     |  set(self, section, option, value=None)
     |      Set an option.  Extends RawConfigParser.set by validating type and
     |      interpolation syntax on the value.
     |  
     |  defaults(self)
     |  
     |  get(self, section, option, *, raw=False, vars=None, fallback=<object object at 0x0000000002F42120>)
     |      Get an option value for a given section.
     |  
     |  getboolean(self, section, option, *, raw=False, vars=None, fallback=<object object at 0x0000000002F42120>)
     |  
     |  getfloat(self, section, option, *, raw=False, vars=None, fallback=<object object at 0x0000000002F42120>)
     |  
     |  getint(self, section, option, *, raw=False, vars=None, fallback=<object object at 0x0000000002F42120>)
     |  
     |  has_option(self, section, option)
     |      Check for the existence of a given option in a given section.
     |      If the specified `section' is None or an empty string, DEFAULT is
     |      assumed. If the specified `section' does not exist, returns False.
     |  
     |  has_section(self, section)
     |      Indicate whether the named section is present in the configuration.

     |  items(self, section=<object object at 0x0000000002F42120>, raw=False, vars=None)
     |      Return a list of (name, value) tuples for each option in a section.
     |  
     |  options(self, section)
     |      Return a list of option names for the given section name.
     |  popitem(self)
     |      Remove a section from the parser and return it as
     |  read(self, filenames, encoding=None)
     |      Read and parse a filename or a list of filenames.
     |      Return list of successfully read files.
     |  
     |  read_dict(self, dictionary, source='<dict>')
     |      Read configuration from a dictionary.
     |  
     |  read_file(self, f, source=None)
     |      Like read() but the argument must be a file-like object.
     |      
     |  read_string(self, string, source='<string>')
     |      Read configuration from a given string.
     |  
     |  readfp(self, fp, filename=None)
     |      Deprecated, use read_file instead.
     |  
     |  remove_option(self, section, option)
     |      Remove an option.
     |  
     |  remove_section(self, section)
     |      Remove a file section.
     |  
     |  sections(self)
     |      Return a list of section names, excluding [DEFAULT]
     |  
     |  write(self, fp, space_around_delimiters=True)
     |      Write an .ini-format representation of the configuration state.
     |  
     |  clear(self)
     |      D.clear() -> None.  Remove all items from D.
     |  
     |  pop(self, key, default=<object object at 0x0000000002F42040>)
     |      D.pop(k[,d]) -> v, remove specified key and return the corresponding value.
     |      If key is not found, d is returned if given, otherwise KeyError is raised.
     |  
     |  setdefault(self, key, default=None)
     |      D.setdefault(k[,d]) -> D.get(k,d), also set D[k]=d if k not in D
     |  
     |  update(*args, **kwds)
     |      D.update([E, ]**F) -> None.  Update D from mapping/iterable E and F.
     |      If E present and has a .keys() method, does:     for k in E: D[k] = E[k]
     |      If E present and lacks .keys() method, does:     for (k, v) in E: D[k] = v
     |      In either case, this is followed by: for k, v in F.items(): D[k] = v
     |  
     |  keys(self)
     |      D.keys() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's keys
     |  
     |  values(self)
     |      D.values() -> an object providing a view on D's values
     |  
"""

来源：https://blog.51cto.com/u_13567403/5017302