django基于restframework的CBV封装详解

目录

• 一.models数据库映射

• 二.serializers序列化

• 三.url路由

• 四.Views视图类

一.models数据库映射

from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Book(models.Model):
 title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
 price=models.IntegerField()
 pub_date=models.DateField()
 publish=models.ForeignKey(to="Publish")
 authors=models.ManyToManyField(to="Author")
 def __str__(self):
   return self.title
class Publish(models.Model):
 name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
 email=models.EmailField()
 def __str__(self):
   return self.name
class Author(models.Model):
 name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
 age=models.IntegerField()
 def __str__(self):
   return self.name

二.serializers序列化

from rest_framework import serializers
from app01 import models
from rest_framework import exceptions
class BookSerialize(serializers.ModelSerializer):
 class Meta:
   model = models.Book
   fields = "__all__"
 publish = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
 authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
 def get_publish(self, obj):
   return {"publish_id": obj.publish.pk, "publish_name": obj.publish.name}
 def get_authors(self, obj):
   author_list = obj.authors.all()
   lis = [{"name": author.name, "age": author.age} for author in author_list]
   return lis
 def validate_title(self, value):
   if value.startswith("sb"):
     raise exceptions.ValidationError('你使用了不合适的文字')
   return value

三.url路由

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
 url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
 url(r'^books/$', views.Books.as_view()),
]

四.Views视图类

主要就是将CBV的几个get,post请求方法进行封装,以后创建其他的新的CBV,直接继承调用就可以了,可以减少代码冗余

from app01 import models
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from app01.serialize_module import BookSerialize

# 自定义一个response类,方便CBV使用
class MyResponse():
 def __init__(self):
   self.status = 100
   self.msg = None
 # 将类方法装饰成属性
 @property
 def get_dic(self):
   return self.__dict__
# 封装CBV类
# 将get请求封装在List类中
class List():
 def get_list(self, request,*args,**kwargs):
   response = MyResponse()
   try:
     handler_list = self.model.objects.all()
     handler_ser = self.serializer(instance=handler_list, many=True)
     response.handler = handler_ser.data
     response.msg = "获取成功"
   except Exception as e:
     response.msg="获取失败"
     response.error=str(e)
   return Response(response.get_dic)
# 将post请求封装在Create类中
class Create():
 def save(self, request,*args,**kwargs):
   response = MyResponse()
   try:
     handler_ser = self.serializer(data=request.data)
     if handler_ser.is_valid():
       handler_ser.save()
       response.msg = "添加成功"
     else:
       response.status = 101
       response.msg = "添加失败"
       response.error = handler_ser.errors
   except Exception as e:
     response.msg = "添加失败"
     response.error=str(e)
   return Response(response.get_dic)
# book类继承List,Create,APIView
class Books(List,Create,APIView):
 model=models.Book
 serializer=BookSerialize
 # 此时调用get方法时,只要使用List类中的get_list方法就行了
 def get(self,request):
   return self.get_list(request)
 # 此时调用post方法时,只要使用Create类中的save方法就行了
 def post(self,request):
   return self.save(request)

来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/angelyan/p/10433100.html