利用Python制作一个MOOC公开课下载器
作者:Charles的皮卡丘 时间:2022-03-13 19:46:17
导语
记得很久以前写过一些中国大学MOOC上的视频下载器,不过好像都已经年久失修了。正好最近有需要,所以重新写了一个,顺便上来分享一波,寒假大家也可以用它来下载点课程内卷一下:
废话不多说,让我们愉快地开始吧~
开发工具
Python版本:3.7.8
相关模块:
DecryptLogin模块;
tqdm模块;
click模块;
argparse模块;
以及一些python自带的模块。
环境搭建
安装Python并添加到环境变量,pip安装需要的相关模块即可。
先睹为快
运行方式:
python moocdl.py --url 课程链接
效果如下:
moocdl
随便挑的一个课程测试的,结果是m3u8格式的,所以下载起来有点慢。默认会把所有的课件这些东西也一起下载下来放到对应的目录。
原理简介
首先,我们需要先模拟登录中国大学MOOC,这样才能下载对应的课程资料,这里借助公众号之前开源的DecryptLogin包就好啦:
'''登录'''
def login(self, username, password):
lg = login.Login()
infos_return, session = lg.icourse163(username, password)
return infos_return, session
接着,我们简单讲解一下如何下载对应课程里的资料。首先,我们需要获得课程相关的基本资料,随便点开个课程主页就可以发现直接在返回的页面里就有:
提取我们需要的课程信息的代码实现如下:
# 从课程主页面获取信息
url = url.replace('learn/', 'course/')
response = self.session.get(url)
term_id = re.findall(r'termId : "(\d+)"', response.text)[0]
course_name = ' - '.join(re.findall(r'name:"(.+)"', response.text))
course_name = self.filterBadCharacter(course_name)
course_id = re.findall(r'https?://www.icourse163.org/(course|learn)/\w+-(\d+)', url)[0]
print(f'从课程主页面获取的信息如下:\n\t[课程名]: {course_name}, [课程ID]: {course_name}, [TID]: {term_id}')
接着利用这些信息来爬取对应的资源列表:
# 获取资源列表
resource_list = []
data = {
'tid': term_id,
'mob-token': self.infos_return['results']['mob-token'],
}
response = self.session.post('https://www.icourse163.org/mob/course/courseLearn/v1', data=data)
course_info = response.json()
file_types = [1, 3, 4]
for chapter_num, chapter in enumerate(course_info.get('results', {}).get('termDto', {}).get('chapters', [])):
for lesson_num, lesson in enumerate(chapter.get('lessons', [])) if chapter.get('lessons') is not None else []:
for unit_num, unit in enumerate(lesson.get('units', [])):
if unit['contentType'] not in file_types: continue
savedir = course_name
self.checkdir(savedir)
for item in [self.filterBadCharacter(chapter['name']), self.filterBadCharacter(lesson['name']), self.filterBadCharacter(unit['name'])]:
savedir = os.path.join(savedir, item)
self.checkdir(savedir)
if unit['contentType'] == file_types[0]:
savename = self.filterBadCharacter(unit['name']) + '.mp4'
resource_list.append({
'savedir': savedir,
'savename': savename,
'type': 'video',
'contentId': unit['contentId'],
'id': unit['id'],
})
elif unit['contentType'] == file_types[1]:
savename = self.filterBadCharacter(unit['name']) + '.pdf'
resource_list.append({
'savedir': savedir,
'savename': savename,
'type': 'pdf',
'contentId': unit['contentId'],
'id': unit['id'],
})
elif unit['contentType'] == file_types[2]:
if unit.get('jsonContent'):
json_content = eval(unit['jsonContent'])
savename = self.filterBadCharacter(json_content['fileName'])
resource_list.append({
'savedir': savedir,
'savename': savename,
'type': 'rich_text',
'jsonContent': json_content,
})
print(f'成功获得资源列表, 数量为{len(resource_list)}')
最后根据资源类型解析下载即可:
# 下载对应资源
pbar = tqdm(resource_list)
for resource in pbar:
pbar.set_description(f'downloading {resource["savename"]}')
# --下载视频
if resource['type'] == 'video':
data = {
'bizType': '1',
'mob-token': self.infos_return['results']['mob-token'],
'bizId': resource['id'],
'contentType': '1',
}
while True:
response = self.session.post('https://www.icourse163.org/mob/j/v1/mobileResourceRpcBean.getResourceToken.rpc', data=data)
if response.json()['results'] is not None: break
time.sleep(0.5 + random.random())
signature = response.json()['results']['videoSignDto']['signature']
data = {
'enVersion': '1',
'clientType': '2',
'mob-token': self.infos_return['results']['mob-token'],
'signature': signature,
'videoId': resource['contentId'],
}
response = self.session.post('https://vod.study.163.com/mob/api/v1/vod/videoByNative', data=data)
# ----下载视频
videos = response.json()['results']['videoInfo']['videos']
resolutions, video_url = [3, 2, 1], None
for resolution in resolutions:
for video in videos:
if video['quality'] == resolution:
video_url = video["videoUrl"]
break
if video_url is not None: break
if '.m3u8' in video_url:
self.m3u8download({
'download_url': video_url,
'savedir': resource['savedir'],
'savename': resource['savename'],
})
else:
self.defaultdownload({
'download_url': video_url,
'savedir': resource['savedir'],
'savename': resource['savename'],
})
# ----下载字幕
srt_info = response.json()['results']['videoInfo']['srtCaptions']
if srt_info:
for srt_item in srt_info:
srt_name = os.path.splitext(resource['savename'])[0] + '_' + srt_item['languageCode'] + '.srt'
srt_url = srt_item['url']
response = self.session.get(srt_url)
fp = open(os.path.join(resource['savedir'], srt_name), 'wb')
fp.write(response.content)
fp.close()
# --下载PDF
elif resource['type'] == 'pdf':
data = {
't': '3',
'cid': resource['contentId'],
'unitId': resource['id'],
'mob-token': self.infos_return['results']['mob-token'],
}
response = self.session.post('http://www.icourse163.org/mob/course/learn/v1', data=data)
pdf_url = response.json()['results']['learnInfo']['textOrigUrl']
self.defaultdownload({
'download_url': pdf_url,
'savedir': resource['savedir'],
'savename': resource['savename'],
})
# --下载富文本
elif resource['type'] == 'rich_text':
download_url = 'http://www.icourse163.org/mob/course/attachment.htm?' + urlencode(resource['jsonContent'])
self.defaultdownload({
'download_url': download_url,
'savedir': resource['savedir'],
'savename': resource['savename'],
})
ok,大功告成啦,写的有点简略,因为晚上还有点其他事。大家可以自己在手机端抓包试试,很简单的~
来源:https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/465060428
标签:Python,MOOC,公开课,下载
0
投稿
猜你喜欢
Python读取Excel数据实现批量生成合同
2022-08-15 02:12:12
使用 Python 写一个简易的抽奖程序
2023-07-28 00:46:54
[翻译]标记语言和样式手册 Chapter 13 为文字指定样式
2008-02-15 16:08:00
Pytest中skip skipif跳过用例详解
2022-07-21 09:42:30
Python实现的质因式分解算法示例
2021-12-16 23:10:05
微信支付的开发流程详解
2023-09-07 08:54:45
SQL Server数据转换服务基本概念介绍
2009-01-20 15:52:00
python seaborn heatmap可视化相关性矩阵实例
2022-02-08 13:12:30
oracle 触发器 实现出入库
2009-07-23 14:56:00
ASP操作XML的方法
2008-03-06 21:43:00
Python+Tkinter制作在线个性签名工具
2023-12-25 15:21:23
Python中生成器和迭代器的区别详解
2022-12-04 02:32:08
JavaScript正则表达式的简单应用:高亮显示
2008-07-20 12:46:00
Python实现多任务进程示例
2023-03-04 21:42:09
Python3实现爬取简书首页文章标题和文章链接的方法【测试可用】
2021-10-08 00:22:10
Python 50行爬虫抓取并处理图灵书目过程详解
2023-09-01 22:35:49
ASP小偷(远程数据获取)程序的入门教程
2007-09-21 12:48:00
python二分法实现实例
2023-02-16 05:09:46
Python 中的Selenium异常处理实例代码
2021-03-11 12:42:11
Python命令行参数解析模块optparse使用实例
2023-11-04 08:09:08