Python实用日期时间处理方法汇总
作者:junjie 时间:2022-10-21 03:07:48
原则, 以datetime为中心, 起点或中转, 转化为目标对象, 涵盖了大多数业务场景中需要的日期转换处理
步骤:
1. 掌握几种对象及其关系
2. 了解每类对象的基本操作方法
3. 通过转化关系转化
涉及对象
1. datetime
>>> import datetime
>>> now = datetime.datetime.now()
>>> now
datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 23, 9, 12, 946118)
>>> type(now)
<type 'datetime.datetime'>
2. timestamp
>>> import time
>>> time.time()
1421075455.568243
3. time tuple
>>> import time
>>> time.localtime()
time.struct_time(tm_year=2015, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=12, tm_hour=23, tm_min=10, tm_sec=30, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=12, tm_isdst=0)
4. string
>>> import datetime
>>> datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
'2015-01-12 23:13:08'
5. date
>>> import datetime
>>> datetime.datetime.now().date()
datetime.date(2015, 1, 12)
datetime基本操作
1. 获取当前datetime
>>> import datetime
>>> datetime.datetime.now()
datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 23, 26, 24, 475680)
2. 获取当天date
>>> datetime.date.today()
datetime.date(2015, 1, 12)
3. 获取明天/前N天
明天
>>> datetime.date.today() + datetime.timedelta(days=1)
datetime.date(2015, 1, 13)
三天前
>>> datetime.datetime.now()
datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 23, 38, 55, 492226)
>>> datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=3)
datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 9, 23, 38, 57, 59363)
4. 获取当天开始和结束时间(00:00:00 23:59:59)
>>> datetime.datetime.combine(datetime.date.today(), datetime.time.min)
datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 0, 0)
>>> datetime.datetime.combine(datetime.date.today(), datetime.time.max)
datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 23, 59, 59, 999999)
5. 获取两个datetime的时间差
>>> (datetime.datetime(2015,1,13,12,0,0) - datetime.datetime.now()).total_seconds()
44747.768075
6. 获取本周/本月/上月最后一天
本周
>>> today = datetime.date.today()
>>> today
datetime.date(2015, 1, 12)
>>> sunday = today + datetime.timedelta(6 - today.weekday())
>>> sunday
datetime.date(2015, 1, 18)
本月
>>> import calendar
>>> today = datetime.date.today()
>>> _, last_day_num = calendar.monthrange(today.year, today.month)
>>> last_day = datetime.date(today.year, today.month, last_day_num)
>>> last_day
datetime.date(2015, 1, 31)
获取上个月的最后一天(可能跨年)
>>> import datetime
>>> today = datetime.date.today()
>>> first = datetime.date(day=1, month=today.month, year=today.year)
>>> lastMonth = first - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
关系转换
几个关系之间的转化
Datetime Object / String / timestamp / time tuple
关系转换例子
datetime <=> string
datetime -> string
>>> import datetime
>>> datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
'2015-01-12 23:13:08'
string -> datetime
>>> import datetime
>>> datetime.datetime.strptime("2014-12-31 18:20:10", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
datetime.datetime(2014, 12, 31, 18, 20, 10)
datetime <=> timetuple
datetime -> timetuple
>>> import datetime
>>> datetime.datetime.now().timetuple()
time.struct_time(tm_year=2015, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=12, tm_hour=23, tm_min=17, tm_sec=59, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=12, tm_isdst=-1)
timetuple -> datetime
timetuple => timestamp => datetime [看后面datetime<=>timestamp]
datetime <=> date
datetime -> date
>>> import datetime
>>> datetime.datetime.now().date()
datetime.date(2015, 1, 12)
date -> datetime
>>> datetime.date.today()
datetime.date(2015, 1, 12)
>>> today = datetime.date.today()
>>> datetime.datetime.combine(today, datetime.time())
datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 0, 0)
>>> datetime.datetime.combine(today, datetime.time.min)
datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 0, 0)
datetime <=> timestamp
datetime -> timestamp
>>> now = datetime.datetime.now()
>>> timestamp = time.mktime(now.timetuple())
>>> timestamp
1421077403.0
timestamp -> datetime
>>> datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(1421077403.0)
datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 23, 43, 23)
标签:Python,日期,时间,处理
0
投稿
猜你喜欢
Python中函数参数设置及使用的学习笔记
2022-10-15 08:09:31
轻松接触SQL Server 2000实例的命名规则
2009-01-23 13:44:00
Python入门之字符串操作详解
2023-01-27 18:45:08
详解partition by和group by对比
2024-01-24 11:27:05
python实现两个经纬度点之间的距离和方位角的方法
2022-03-15 02:41:27
解析JavaScript中的标签语句
2024-05-13 10:35:07
MySQL中用户授权以及删除授权的方法
2024-01-27 13:25:03
SQL Server命令行导数据的2种方式
2010-07-26 14:48:00
js 仿Photoshop鼠标滚轮控制输入框取值(修正兼容Chrome)
2010-02-05 12:27:00
SQL Server日期计算第1/2页
2024-01-23 20:30:59
python正则表达式re.match()匹配多个字符方法的实现
2023-07-30 08:25:16
Python基于sklearn库的分类算法简单应用示例
2022-08-21 19:44:42
js运算精度丢失的2个解决方法
2024-04-10 10:38:02
MySQL复合索引的深入探究
2024-01-22 21:12:48
对Python 2.7 pandas 中的read_excel详解
2023-09-10 04:14:49
PyCharm专业最新版2019.1安装步骤(含激活码)
2022-10-21 19:56:06
MySQL查询条件中放置on和where的区别分析
2024-01-25 00:22:51
oracle的nvl函数的使用介绍
2023-07-19 14:42:20
用户"sa"登陆失败 SQLServer 错误18456的解决方法
2024-01-18 18:04:37
Spark SQL常见4种数据源详解
2024-01-18 09:07:21