PyQt5结合matplotlib绘图的实现示例

参考网上的例子，实现了简单的matplotlib pyqt5绘图 

相关知识点：
 （1）pyqt5中添加控件要在布局中添加
 （2）布局可以使用replaceWidget替换控件
 （3）信号与槽机制

timer = QtCore.QTimer(self)
timer.timeout.connect(self.update_figure)

self.btnPlot.clicked.connect(self.plotButton_callback)

实现的效果

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, uic
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QAction, qApp, QApplication, QMessageBox, QVBoxLayout, QSizePolicy, QWidget

from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

qtCreatorFile = "matplotlib_ui.ui"
# 使用uic加载
Ui_MainWindow, QtBaseClass = uic.loadUiType(qtCreatorFile)

class MyMplCanvas(FigureCanvas):
 """这是一个窗口部件，即QWidget（当然也是FigureCanvasAgg）"""
 def __init__(self, parent=None, width=5, height=4, dpi=100):
   fig = Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi)
   self.axes = fig.add_subplot(111)
   # 每次plot()调用的时候，我们希望原来的坐标轴被清除(所以False)
   self.axes.hold(False)
   self.axes.grid('on')

self.compute_initial_figure()

#
   FigureCanvas.__init__(self, fig)
   self.setParent(parent)

FigureCanvas.setSizePolicy(self,
                 QSizePolicy.Expanding,
                 QSizePolicy.Expanding)
   FigureCanvas.updateGeometry(self)

def compute_initial_figure(self):
   pass

class MyStaticMplCanvas(MyMplCanvas):
 """静态画布：一条正弦线"""
 def compute_initial_figure(self):
   t = np.arange(0.0, 3.0, 0.01)
   s = np.sin(2 * np.pi * t)
   self.axes.grid('on')
   self.axes.plot(t, s)

class MyDynamicMplCanvas(MyMplCanvas):
 """动态画布：每秒自动更新，更换一条折线。"""
 def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
   MyMplCanvas.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
   timer = QtCore.QTimer(self)
   timer.timeout.connect(self.update_figure)
   timer.start(1000)

def compute_initial_figure(self):
   self.axes.grid('on')
   self.axes.plot([0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 0, 4], 'r')

def update_figure(self):
   # 构建4个随机整数，位于闭区间[0, 10]
   l = [np.random.randint(0, 10) for i in range(4)]
   self.axes.grid('on')
   self.axes.plot([0, 1, 2, 3], l, 'r')
   self.draw()

class MyApp(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):

def __init__(self):
   QMainWindow.__init__(self)
   Ui_MainWindow.__init__(self)
   super().__init__()

self.initUI()
   self.initBtn()
   self.initFrame()

def initFrame(self):
   self.main_widget = self.frame
   self.layout = QVBoxLayout(self.main_widget)
   self.f = MyMplCanvas(self.main_widget)
   self.layout.addWidget(self.f)

def initUI(self):        

self.setupUi(self)
   self.setWindowTitle("PyQt5结合Matplotlib绘图")
   self.setWindowIcon(QIcon("rocket.ico"))  # 设置图标，linux下只有任务栏会显示图标

self.show()

def initBtn(self):
   self.btnPlot.clicked.connect(self.plotButton_callback)
   self.btnPlot.setToolTip("Button")    

def plotButton_callback(self):

self.drawFrame()

def drawFrame(self):

sc = MyStaticMplCanvas(self.main_widget, width=5, height=4, dpi=100)
   dc = MyDynamicMplCanvas(self.f, width=5, height=4, dpi=100)
   self.layout.addWidget(sc)
   self.layout.replaceWidget(self.f,dc) # 替换控件

if __name__ == '__main__':

app = QApplication(sys.argv)
 ex = MyApp()
 sys.exit(app.exec_())

参考链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/hhh5460/p/4322652.html

来源：https://blog.csdn.net/ouening/article/details/79595266