python实现拼图小游戏

Python小白一只，正在成长，程序自己设计，很多不足，算法很多地方能优化。欢迎大佬来指教。

游戏效果

创建设置类，储存游戏基础数据

可以不使用这个类，在程序中直接使用相应的数据。但是使用这个类更便于程序阅读和修改基础数据。

class Settings:
def __init__(self):
self.picture_num = 4 # 每行图片数
self.screen_width = 408 # 窗口宽度
self.screen_length = 809 # 窗口长度
self.picture_length = 100 # 每个正方形图片的长
self.screen_bgcol = (96, 127, 255) # 背景颜色
self.picture_bian = 1 # 每个图片的边缘宽度 ，便于分清每个照片
self.picture_distance = 102 # 两个图片之间的距离

创建图片类，储存游戏需要的图片

这样可以在游戏的开始把游戏用到的图片一起读到内存，显示照片时直接使用创建的图像对象列表即可。
类的构造函数要接收一个数字，按着这个数字读生成相应图片的路径和名称 picture_name。在按照这个打开相应的照片。
pygame相应方法可以简单学习一下。

class Picture:
def __init__(self, num):
self.picture_name = 'images/p{}.gif'.format(num)
self.picture = pygame.image.load(self.picture_name) # 打开照片
self.picture_rect = self.picture.get_rect() # 获得照片属性类
def display_picture(self, screen, x, y): # 在屏幕上显示图片方法
self.picture_rect.x = x
self.picture_rect.y = y
screen.blit(self.picture, self.picture_rect)

生成初始数据，创建窗口

游戏数据用两个4*4二维列表存储，一个存储图片位置，一个存储图片对象。
游戏开始，图片的顺序的应该是乱的。
先要对数据进行打乱，打乱时要按照原有的顺序打乱，不然可能会出现图片不可能复原的情况。

数据打乱函数

def data_begin(caozuoshu, p0, data):
for i in caozuoshu:
move(i, p0, data)

def move(i, p0, data):
if i == 3 and p0[1] > 0:
t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]][p0[1]-1]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]-1] = t
p0[1] -= 1
elif i == 4 and p0[1] < 3:
t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]][p0[1]+1]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]+1] = t
p0[1] += 1
elif i == 1 and p0[0] > 0:
t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]-1][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]-1][p0[1]] = t
p0[0] -= 1
elif i == 2 and p0[0] < 3:
t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]+1][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]+1][p0[1]] = t
p0[0] += 1

def create_caozuoshu():
n = 30
caozuo = [1, 2, 3, 4]
caozuoshu = []
for i in range(n):
caozuoshu.append(random.choice(caozuo))
return caozuoshu

这样之后，把data列表打乱

在按照data生成picture列表

def create_pictures(picture, data, set):
for i in range(set.picture_num):
for j in range(set.picture_num):
 p = Picture(data[i][j])
 picture[i][j] = p

创建窗口函数

def screen_create(set):
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((set.screen_length, set.screen_width))
pygame.display.set_caption("拼图")
return screen

主函数

if __name__ == '__main__':
set = Settings()
# 初始数据
data = [[9, 1, 3, 4],
 [2, 16, 14, 8],
 [6, 10, 5, 12],
 [13, 7, 11, 15]]
p0 = [1, 1]
caozuoshu = create_caozuoshu()
data_begin(caozuoshu, p0, data)
bushu = [0]
# 创建图片
picture = [[None, None, None, None],
 [None, None, None, None],
 [None, None, None, None],
 [None, None, None, None]]
yuantu = Picture(17)
create_pictures(picture, data, set) # 按照data生成相应顺序的picture列表
# 创建窗口
screen = screen_create(set)

# 游戏主循环
while True:
check_events(picture, p0, data, bushu)
screen_updata(picture, screen, set, yuantu)

响应按键控制

响应按键是，picture和data列表都要同步改变，data用来判断是否拼图完成。

响应按键，产生相应的控制

def check_events(picture, p0, data, bushu):
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
 sys.exit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and game_over(data, set, bushu):
 if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN and p0[0] > 0:
 xinhao = 1
 bushu[0] += 1
 updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data)
 elif event.key == pygame.K_UP and p0[0] < 3:
 xinhao = 2
 bushu[0] += 1
 updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data)
 elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT and p0[1] > 0:
 xinhao = 3
 bushu[0] += 1
 updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data)
 elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT and p0[1] < 3:
 xinhao = 4
 bushu[0] += 1
 updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data)

按照控制数，更新picture和data

def updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data):
if xinhao == 3:
tmp = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]]
picture[p0[0]][p0[1]] = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]-1]
picture[p0[0]][p0[1]-1] = tmp

t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]][p0[1]-1]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]-1] = t
p0[1] -= 1

elif xinhao == 4:
tmp = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]]
picture[p0[0]][p0[1]] = picture[p0[0]][p0[1] + 1]
picture[p0[0]][p0[1] + 1] = tmp

t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]][p0[1]+1]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]+1] = t
p0[1] += 1
elif xinhao == 1:
tmp = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]]
picture[p0[0]][p0[1]] = picture[p0[0] - 1][p0[1]]
picture[p0[0] - 1][p0[1]] = tmp

t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]-1][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]-1][p0[1]] = t
p0[0] -= 1
elif xinhao == 2:
tmp = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]]
picture[p0[0]][p0[1]] = picture[p0[0] + 1][p0[1]]
picture[p0[0] + 1][p0[1]] = tmp

t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0] + 1][p0[1]]
data[p0[0] +1][p0[1]] = t
p0[0] += 1

判断是否拼图完成

def game_over(data, set,bushu):
datao = [[1, 2, 3, 4],
 [5, 6, 7, 8],
 [9, 10, 11, 12],
 [13, 14, 15, 16]]
for i in range(set.picture_num):
for j in range(set.picture_num):
 if datao[i][j] != data[i][j]:
 return True
print("牛逼！\n 游戏结束！\n 步数：{}".format(bushu[0]))
return False

此函数要在响应按键函数中实时使用，监测是否完成拼图。

完整程序

import pygame
import random
import sys

class Settings:
def __init__(self):
self.picture_num = 4
self.screen_width = 408
self.screen_length = 809
self.picture_length = 100
self.screen_bgcol = (96, 127, 255)
self.picture_speed = 5
self.picture_bian = 1
self.picture_distance = 102

class Picture:
def __init__(self, num):
self.picture_name = 'images/p{}.gif'.format(num)
self.picture = pygame.image.load(self.picture_name)
self.picture_rect = self.picture.get_rect()
def display_picture(self, screen, x, y):
self.picture_rect.x = x
self.picture_rect.y = y
screen.blit(self.picture, self.picture_rect)
'''def data_begin(data,p0):
n = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]
ns = 16
for i in range(4):
for j in range(4):
 num = random.randint(0, ns-1)
 ns -= 1
 data[i][j] = n.pop(num)
 if data[i][j] == 16:
 p0[0] = i
 p0[1] = j'''
def data_begin(caozuoshu, p0, data):
for i in caozuoshu:
move(i, p0, data)

def move(i, p0, data):
if i == 3 and p0[1] > 0:
t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]][p0[1]-1]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]-1] = t
p0[1] -= 1
elif i == 4 and p0[1] < 3:
t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]][p0[1]+1]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]+1] = t
p0[1] += 1
elif i == 1 and p0[0] > 0:
t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]-1][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]-1][p0[1]] = t
p0[0] -= 1
elif i == 2 and p0[0] < 3:
t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]+1][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]+1][p0[1]] = t
p0[0] += 1

def create_caozuoshu():
n = 30
caozuo = [1, 2, 3, 4]
caozuoshu = []
for i in range(n):
caozuoshu.append(random.choice(caozuo))
return caozuoshu

def create_pictures(picture, data, set):
for i in range(set.picture_num):
for j in range(set.picture_num):
 p = Picture(data[i][j])
 picture[i][j] = p

def screen_updata(picture, screen, set, yuantu):
screen.fill(set.screen_bgcol)
x, y = 402, set.picture_bian
for i in range(set.picture_num):
for j in range(set.picture_num):
 picture[i][j].display_picture(screen, x, y)
 x += set.picture_distance
x = 402
y += set.picture_distance
yuantu.display_picture(screen, 1, 4)
pygame.display.flip()

def screen_create(set):
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((set.screen_length, set.screen_width))
pygame.display.set_caption("拼图")
return screen

def game_over(data, set,bushu):
datao = [[1, 2, 3, 4],
 [5, 6, 7, 8],
 [9, 10, 11, 12],
 [13, 14, 15, 16]]
for i in range(set.picture_num):
for j in range(set.picture_num):
 if datao[i][j] != data[i][j]:
 return True
print("牛逼！\n 游戏结束！\n 步数：{}".format(bushu[0]))
return False

def updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data):
if xinhao == 3:
tmp = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]]
picture[p0[0]][p0[1]] = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]-1]
picture[p0[0]][p0[1]-1] = tmp

t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]][p0[1]-1]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]-1] = t
p0[1] -= 1

elif xinhao == 4:
tmp = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]]
picture[p0[0]][p0[1]] = picture[p0[0]][p0[1] + 1]
picture[p0[0]][p0[1] + 1] = tmp

t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]][p0[1]+1]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]+1] = t
p0[1] += 1
elif xinhao == 1:
tmp = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]]
picture[p0[0]][p0[1]] = picture[p0[0] - 1][p0[1]]
picture[p0[0] - 1][p0[1]] = tmp

t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]-1][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]-1][p0[1]] = t
p0[0] -= 1
elif xinhao == 2:
tmp = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]]
picture[p0[0]][p0[1]] = picture[p0[0] + 1][p0[1]]
picture[p0[0] + 1][p0[1]] = tmp

t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0] + 1][p0[1]]
data[p0[0] +1][p0[1]] = t
p0[0] += 1
#print(data)

def check_events(picture, p0, data, bushu):
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
 sys.exit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and game_over(data, set, bushu):
 if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN and p0[0] > 0:
 xinhao = 1
 bushu[0] += 1
 updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data)
 elif event.key == pygame.K_UP and p0[0] < 3:
 xinhao = 2
 bushu[0] += 1
 updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data)
 elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT and p0[1] > 0:
 xinhao = 3
 bushu[0] += 1
 updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data)
 elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT and p0[1] < 3:
 xinhao = 4
 bushu[0] += 1
 updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data)

if __name__ == '__main__':
set = Settings()
# 初始数据
data = [[9, 1, 3, 4],
 [2, 16, 14, 8],
 [6, 10, 5, 12],
 [13, 7, 11, 15]]
p0 = [1, 1]
caozuoshu = create_caozuoshu()
data_begin(caozuoshu, p0, data)
bushu = [0]
# 创建图片
picture = [[None, None, None, None],
 [None, None, None, None],
 [None, None, None, None],
 [None, None, None, None]]
yuantu = Picture(17)
create_pictures(picture, data, set)
# 创建窗口
screen = screen_create(set)

# 游戏主循环
while True:
check_events(picture, p0, data, bushu)
screen_updata(picture, screen, set, yuantu)

游戏用到的图片，图片位置和文件名要和程序中的一致

来源：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44651842/article/details/89366251