详解Docker创建Mysql容器并通过命令行连接到容器

拉取网易蜂巢的mysql-server：5.6

docker pull hub.c.163.com/nce2/mysql:5.6

创建mysql5.6容器 1master+3个slave

docker run --name mysql-master -d -P hub.c.163.com/nce2/mysql:5.6
docker run --name mysql-slave1 -d -P hub.c.163.com/nce2/mysql:5.6
docker run --name mysql-slave2 -d -P hub.c.163.com/nce2/mysql:5.6
docker run --name mysql-slave3 -d -P hub.c.163.com/nce2/mysql:5.6

验证容器状态

[root@bogon ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID    IMAGE             COMMAND       CREATED       STATUS       PORTS        NAMES
907bbbf25d25    hub.c.163.com/nce2/mysql:5.6  "/run.sh"      5 minutes ago    Up 5 minutes    3306/tcp      mysql-slave3
a81df6c86808    hub.c.163.com/nce2/mysql:5.6  "/run.sh"      5 minutes ago    Up 5 minutes    3306/tcp      mysql-slave2
375eabd4c598    hub.c.163.com/nce2/mysql:5.6  "/run.sh"      5 minutes ago    Up 5 minutes    3306/tcp      mysql-slave1
1651d1cab219    hub.c.163.com/nce2/mysql:5.6  "/run.sh"      14 minutes ago   Up 14 minutes    3306/tcp      mysql-master

通过主机命令行进入master容器

docker exec -it mysql-master bash
[root@bogon ~]# docker exec -it mysql-master bash
root@1651d1cab219:/#

在master中创建一个数据库test_docker

root@1651d1cab219:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.6.19-v1-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| #bak_database   |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| test        |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.02 sec)

mysql> create database test_docker;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| #bak_database   |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| test        |
| test_docker    |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在slave1中创建一个数据库test_docker

[root@bogon ~]# docker exec -it mysql-slave bash
Error response from daemon: No such container: mysql-slave
[root@bogon ~]# docker exec -it mysql-slave1 bash
root@375eabd4c598:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.6.19-v1-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| #bak_database   |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| test        |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

通过以上的信息说明master与slave是数据隔离的，所以我们可以通过docker创建N个mysql容器， 然后就能以很小的代价就能学习《高可用MySQL》中的数据模型 再也不用发愁机器不够用。

后续操作

登录到master容器

[root@bogon ~]# docker exec -it mysql-master bash
root@1651d1cab219:/#

怎么查看容器的操作系统环境

一般就是

uname -a
cat /etc/pro
cat /etc/lsb-release

很幸运我们的容器是ubuntu14.04

root@1651d1cab219:/# cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=14.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=trusty
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS"

但是执行 apt-get install时候却什么也装不了

需要更改

cd /etc/apt/

没有 vi vim ee 编辑器 只好追加内容到 sources.list

echo deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse >> sources.list
echo deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse >> sources.list
echo deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse >> sources.list
echo deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse >> sources.list
echo deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse >> sources.list
echo deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse >> sources.list
echo deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse >> sources.list
echo deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse >> sources.list
echo deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse >> sources.list
echo deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse >> sources.list

然后 更新源

apt-get update
apt-get install vim

然后通过vim把sources.list文件的前两行删除掉 再重新update一下。
apt-get update

安装一个网络工具获取ip

apt-get install net-tools

获取到master的ip地址

root@1651d1cab219:/# ifconfig
eth0   Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:ac:11:00:02
    inet addr:172.17.0.2 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0
    inet6 addr: fe80::42:acff:fe11:2/64 Scope:Link
    UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
    RX packets:15119 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
    TX packets:12633 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
    collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
    RX bytes:34197557 (34.1 MB) TX bytes:897732 (897.7 KB)

lo    Link encap:Local Loopback
    inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
    inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
    UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
    RX packets:22 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
    TX packets:22 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
    collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
    RX bytes:2212 (2.2 KB) TX bytes:2212 (2.2 KB)

slave也需要这么做

还有一种方法

可以创建Dockerfile依赖mysql镜像创建一个新的镜像。

上诉命令通过RUN来执行创建的新容器会有安装的软件。

最后通过slave的docker连接到master的容器mysql服务器上

master的服务器mysql账号root赋值权限

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'％' identified by '';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

slave服务器执行如下命令

[root@bogon ~]# mysql -uroot -p -h 172.17.0.2
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.6.19-v1-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [(none)]>

在master上将test_docker数据库删除，看slave的终端是否也不显示已删除的库

master操作

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| #bak_database   |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| test        |
| test_docker    |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop database test_docker;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| #bak_database   |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| test        |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

slave操作

MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| #bak_database   |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| test        |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL [(none)]>

来源：http://www.cnblogs.com/baolong/p/5763412.html