go日志库logrus的安装及快速使用
作者:王者之峰 时间:2024-04-26 17:31:40
安装简介
Logrus是Go的结构化日志记录器,与标准的日志记录器库完全API兼容。
go get安装的logrus库
go get github.com/sirupsen/logrus
快速使用
package main
import (
log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
)
func main() {
log.SetLevel(log.TraceLevel)
log.Trace("trace")
log.Debug("debug")
log.Info("info")
log.Warn("warn")
log.Error("error")
log.Fatal("fatal")
log.Panic("panic")
}
输出:
TRAC[0000] trace
DEBU[0000] debug
INFO[0000] info
WARN[0000] warn
ERRO[0000] error
FATA[0000] fatal
exit status 1
可以看到panic没有输出,因为fatal会导致goroutine直接退出。
支持的日志级别
logrus支持多种日志级别,下面从小到大:
Panic:记录日志,然后panic
Fatal:致命错误,输出日志后,程序退出
Error:错误
Warn:警告
Info:关键信息
Debug:调试信息
Trace:很细粒度的信息,一般用不到。
可以看到Trace级别最大,Panic最小。默认的级别为Info,高于这个级别的日志不会输出。
日期
可以看到上面的日志没有时间,可以指定日志格式:
package main
import (
log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
)
func main() {
log.SetLevel(log.TraceLevel)
log.SetFormatter(&log.TextFormatter{
FullTimestamp: true,
TimestampFormat: "2022-07-17 00:00:00.000",
})
log.Trace("trace")
log.Debug("debug")
log.Info("info")
log.Warn("warn")
log.Error("error")
log.Fatal("fatal")
log.Panic("panic")
}
精确到毫秒。
输出:
TRAC[171717+08-77 00:00:00.628] trace
DEBU[171717+08-77 00:00:00.629] debug
INFO[171717+08-77 00:00:00.629] info
WARN[171717+08-77 00:00:00.629] warn
ERRO[171717+08-77 00:00:00.629] error
FATA[171717+08-77 00:00:00.629] fatal
exit status 1
打印调用位置
在进行定位的时候需要知道是那行代码调用的log.SetReportCaller(true)
:
package main
import (
log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
)
func main() {
log.SetLevel(log.TraceLevel)
log.SetReportCaller(true)
log.SetFormatter(&log.TextFormatter{
FullTimestamp: true,
TimestampFormat: "2022-07-17 00:00:00.000",
})
log.Trace("trace")
log.Debug("debug")
log.Info("info")
log.Warn("warn")
log.Error("error")
log.Fatal("fatal")
log.Panic("panic")
}
输出:
TRAC[171717+08-77 00:00:00.019]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:14 main.main() trace
DEBU[171717+08-77 00:00:00.019]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:15 main.main() debug
INFO[171717+08-77 00:00:00.019]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:16 main.main() info
WARN[171717+08-77 00:00:00.019]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:17 main.main() warn
ERRO[171717+08-77 00:00:00.019]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:18 main.main() error
FATA[171717+08-77 00:00:00.019]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:19 main.main() fatal
exit status 1
添加字段
定位问题需要知道具体是那个数据调用的,可以借助于log.WithField
和log.WithFields
,log.WithField
内部调用的也是log.WithFields
,参数底层使用map[string]interface{}数据结构保存:
package main
import (
log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
"os"
)
func main() {
log.SetLevel(log.TraceLevel)
log.SetReportCaller(true)
log.SetFormatter(&log.TextFormatter{
FullTimestamp: true,
TimestampFormat: "2022-07-17 00:00:00.000",
})
id := os.Args[1]
mylog := log.WithField("id", id)
mylog.Trace("trace")
mylog.Debug("debug")
mylog.Info("info")
mylog.Warn("warn")
mylog.Error("error")
mylog.Fatal("fatal")
mylog.Panic("panic")
}
输出:
➜ StudyProject go run src/log/my_log.go 123
TRAC[171717+08-77 00:00:00.665]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:22 main.main() trace id=123
DEBU[171717+08-77 00:00:00.665]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:23 main.main() debug id=123
INFO[171717+08-77 00:00:00.665]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:24 main.main() info id=123
WARN[171717+08-77 00:00:00.665]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:25 main.main() warn id=123
ERRO[171717+08-77 00:00:00.665]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:26 main.main() error id=123
FATA[171717+08-77 00:00:00.665]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:27 main.main() fatal id=123
exit status 1
给字段值加引号
配置ForceQuote
为true
package main
import (
log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
"os"
)
func main() {
log.SetLevel(log.TraceLevel)
log.SetReportCaller(true)
log.SetFormatter(&log.TextFormatter{
FullTimestamp: true,
TimestampFormat: "2022-07-17 00:00:00.000",
ForceQuote: true,
})
id := os.Args[1]
mylog := log.WithField("id", id)
mylog.Trace("trace")
mylog.Debug("debug")
mylog.Info("info")
mylog.Warn("warn")
mylog.Error("error")
mylog.Fatal("fatal")
mylog.Panic("panic")
}
输出:
➜ StudyProject go run src/log/my_log.go 123
TRAC[171717+08-77 00:00:00.427]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:22 main.main() trace id="123"
DEBU[171717+08-77 00:00:00.427]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:23 main.main() debug id="123"
INFO[171717+08-77 00:00:00.427]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:24 main.main() info id="123"
WARN[171717+08-77 00:00:00.427]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:25 main.main() warn id="123"
ERRO[171717+08-77 00:00:00.427]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:26 main.main() error id="123"
FATA[171717+08-77 00:00:00.427]/Users/wanghaifeng/GolandProjects/StudyProject/src/log/my_log.go:27 main.main() fatal id="123"
exit status 1
设置钩子
每条日志在输出前都会执行钩子的特定方法,相当于全局拦截,可以方便做一些扩展,比如添加字段channel表明日志是那个应用输出的、增加tranceid方便对问题的跟踪、输出日志文件等。
设置channel
package hooks
import log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
type ChannelHook struct {
ChannelName string
}
func (h ChannelHook) Levels() []log.Level {
return log.AllLevels
}
func (h ChannelHook) Fire(entry *log.Entry) error {
entry.Data["channel"] = h.ChannelName
return nil
}
package main
import (
logs "StudyProject/src/log/hooks"
log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
)
func main() {
log.AddHook(logs.ChannelHook{
ChannelName: "web",
})
log.Info("info")
}
输出:
INFO[0000] info channel=web
输出日志
可以利用logrus的hook自己写入文件,但是指定单个文件收集的时间范围、保存的时间logrus并不支持,笔者目前的项目使用的是file-rotatelogs,但是作者已经不更新和维护,所以这里就不使用它来展示,有在考虑使用goframe的glog替换。
笔者这里就写个简单例子演示如何利用logrus的hook去写文件并且把控制台的打印干掉:
package hooks
import (
log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
"io/ioutil"
)
//
//FileHook
// @Description: 文件hook
//
type FileHook struct {
//
// FileName
// @Description: 文件名
//
FileName string
}
func (h FileHook) Levels() []log.Level {
return log.AllLevels
}
func (h FileHook) Fire(entry *log.Entry) error {
fomat := &log.TextFormatter{
FullTimestamp: true,
TimestampFormat: "2022-07-17 00:00:00.000",
}
// 从entry从获得日志内容
msg, err := fomat.Format(entry)
if err != nil {
return err
}
err = ioutil.WriteFile(h.FileName, msg, 0644)
if err != nil {
return err
}
return nil
}
package main
import (
logs "StudyProject/src/log/hooks"
log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
"io/ioutil"
)
func main() {
log.AddHook(logs.FileHook{"log"})
// 关闭控制台打印
log.SetOutput(ioutil.Discard)
log.Info("test log write file")
}
很显然这只是个例子,不可直接应用于生产。
来源:https://juejin.cn/post/7126102527459721246