Android内置的OkHttp用法介绍
作者:m0_63970488 时间:2021-11-29 01:00:53
Okhttp 处理了很多网络疑难杂症,比如从很多常用的连接问题中自动恢复。如果你服务器配置了多个IP地址,当一个IP地址连接失败后Okhttp会自动尝试下一个IP,从Android4.4版本后,系统内置了Okhttp,可见Okhttp功能的强大。
远程依赖添加,okio作为Okhttp的IO组件,也是必须要引入的。
api 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.12.13'
api 'com.squareup.okio:okio:2.8.0'
1.异步GET请求
Request.Builder url = new Request.Builder().url("");
url.method("GET", null);
Request build = url.build();
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(build);
call.enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
String string = response.body().string();
}
});
其基本步骤就是创建OkhttpClient、Request、和Call,最后调用Call的enqueue方法,需要注意的是onResponse回调并非在UI线程中,如果想要同步GET请求,则可以调用Call的execute方法。
2.异步POST请求
Okhttp3的异步POST请求和okhttp2的异步POST请求有一些差别,就是没有FormEncodingBuilder这个类,替代它的是功能强大的FormBody。
RequestBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
.add("ip", "59.108.54.37")
.build();
Request build = new Request.Builder()
.url("")
.post(formBody)
.build();
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(build);
call.enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
}
});
这与异步GET请求类似,只是多了FormBody来封装请求参数,并传递给Request
3.异步上传文件
上传文件本身也是一个POST请求,首先定义上传的文件类型。
public static final MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN = MediaType.parse("text/x-markdown; charset=utf-8");
在SD卡的根目录创建一个文件 ,里面内容为OkHttp
String filePath = "";
if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
filePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
} else {
return;
}
File file = new File(filePath, "test.txt");
Request build = new Request.Builder()
.url("")
.post(RequestBody.create(MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN, file))
.build();
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
okHttpClient.newCall(build).enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
}
});
如果想要改为同步上传文件,只要调用OkhttpClient.newCall(request).execute()就可以了,最终请求返回结构就是我们txt文件中的内容。
4.异步下载文件
下载一张图片,得到Respouse后流写进我们指定的图片文件中,代码如下所示
String url = "";
Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
okHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
InputStream inputStream = response.body().byteStream();
FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;
String filePath = "";
try {
if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
filePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
} else {
filePath = getFilesDir().getAbsolutePath();
}
File file = new File(filePath, "test.jpg");
if (null != file) {
fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
int len = 0;
while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
fileOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
fileOutputStream.flush();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
5.异步上传Multipart文件
有时上传文件时,同时还需要上传其他类型的字段。 Okhttp3 实现起来很简单。 需要注意的是没有服务器接受我这个Multipart文件,具体应用还要结合实际工作中对应的服务器
private static final MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_PNG = MediaType.parse("image/png");
public static void send() {
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
MultipartBody build = new MultipartBody.Builder()
.setType(MultipartBody.FORM)
.addFormDataPart("title", "test") //1
.addFormDataPart("image", "test.jpg", RequestBody.create(MEDIA_TYPE_PNG, new File("/sdcard/test.jpg")))//2
.build();
Request authorization = new Request.Builder()
.header("Authorization", "Client-ID" + "...")
.url("")
.post(build)
.build();
okHttpClient.newCall(authorization).enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
}
});
}
上述代码中,注释1处是常见的 key-value(键-值)形式的参数。
注释2处则是上传表单,addFormDataPart方法的第一个参数是key值,第二个参数是上传文件的名字,第三个参数是需要上传的文件。
6.设置超时时间和缓存
和Okhttp2有区别的是Okhttp3不能通过OkhttpClient直接设置超时时间和缓存了,而是通过OkHttpClient.Builder来设置。通过OkHttpClient.Builder配置好OkHttpClient后用builder.build()返回OkHttpClient。我们通常不会调用 new OkhttpClient() 来得到OkhttpClient,而是通过builder.build()得到OkHttpClient。另外OkHttp3支持设置连接,写入和读取超时时间。
File sdcache = new File("");
int cacheSize = 10 * 1024 * 1024;
OkHttpClient.Builder builder = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
.connectTimeout(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.writeTimeout(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.readTimeout(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.cache(new Cache(sdcache.getAbsoluteFile(),cacheSize));
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = builder.build();
来源:https://blog.csdn.net/m0_63970488/article/details/125938410