C#创建不规则窗体的4种方式详解
作者:Alexis 时间:2021-08-08 09:00:43
现在,C#创建不规则窗体不是一件难事,下面总结一下:
一、自定义窗体
一般为规则的图形,如圆、椭圆等。
做法:重写Form1_Paint事件(Form1是窗体的名字),最简单的一种情况如下:
System.Drawing.Drawing2D.GraphicsPath shape = new System.Drawing.Drawing2D.GraphicsPath();
shape.AddEllipse(0,0,this.Height, this.Width);
this.Region = new Region(shape);
即重绘窗体的规则。
二、利用背景图片实现
1. 设置窗体的背景图片,其中背景图片是24位(不包括24)以下的位图(BMP图片),并且要设置TansparencyKey的值,一般为你背景图片的背景色,即创建不规则图片时的底色,一般设为你图片中没有的颜色。
这种做法的不好的地方就是背景图片一定要16位或者更低的,而且还要确保客户端的显示。如果监视器的颜色深度设置大于 24 位,则不管 TransparencyKey 属性是如何设置的,窗体的非透明部分都会产生显示问题。若要避免出现这种问题,请确保“显示”控制面板中的监视器颜色深度的设置小于 24 位。当开发具有这种透明功能的应用程序时,请牢记应使您的用户意识到此问题。
实现步骤如下:
1. 新建windows application
2. 选择窗体,找到BackgroundImage属性,点击打开新的窗口,选择下面的导入资源文件,选择你的不规则的BMP图片
3. 找到窗体的TansparencyKey,将它设置为你背景图片的背景色(如黄色)
4. 找到窗体的FormBorderStyle,将其设置为none,即不显示标题栏
5. 运行
<!--[endif]-->
2. 跟背景图片一样的图形,不过是动态加载,遍历位图以实现不规则窗体。它的原理是这样的,在Form的load事件中写方法使得窗体的描绘区域发生改变。
实现步骤如下:
1. 建立winform应用程序
2. 找到窗体的Load事件,双击进行编辑
3. 编写方法,主要的代码如下:
class BitmapRegion
{
public BitmapRegion()
{ }
/// <summary>
/// Create and apply the region on the supplied control
/// 创建支持位图区域的控件(目前有button和form)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="control">The Control object to apply the region to控件</param>
/// <param name="bitmap">The Bitmap object to create the region from位图</param>
public static void CreateControlRegion(Control control, Bitmap bitmap)
{
// Return if control and bitmap are null
//判断是否存在控件和位图
if (control == null || bitmap == null)
return;
// Set our control''s size to be the same as the bitmap
//设置控件大小为位图大小
control.Width = bitmap.Width;
control.Height = bitmap.Height;
// Check if we are dealing with Form here
//当控件是form时
if (control is System.Windows.Forms.Form)
{
// Cast to a Form object
//强制转换为FORM
Form form = (Form)control;
// Set our form''s size to be a little larger that the bitmap just
// in case the form''s border style is not set to none in the first place
//当FORM的边界FormBorderStyle不为NONE时,应将FORM的大小设置成比位图大小稍大一点
form.Width = control.Width;
form.Height = control.Height;
// No border
//没有边界
form.FormBorderStyle = FormBorderStyle.None;
// Set bitmap as the background image
//将位图设置成窗体背景图片
form.BackgroundImage = bitmap;
// Calculate the graphics path based on the bitmap supplied
//计算位图中不透明部分的边界
GraphicsPath graphicsPath = CalculateControlGraphicsPath(bitmap);
// Apply new region
//应用新的区域
form.Region = new Region(graphicsPath);
}
// Check if we are dealing with Button here
//当控件是button时
else if (control is System.Windows.Forms.Button)
{
// Cast to a button object
//强制转换为 button
Button button = (Button)control;
// Do not show button text
//不显示button text
button.Text = "";
// Change cursor to hand when over button
//改变 cursor的style
button.Cursor = Cursors.Hand;
// Set background image of button
//设置button的背景图片
button.BackgroundImage = bitmap;
// Calculate the graphics path based on the bitmap supplied
//计算位图中不透明部分的边界
GraphicsPath graphicsPath = CalculateControlGraphicsPath(bitmap);
// Apply new region
//应用新的区域
button.Region = new Region(graphicsPath);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Calculate the graphics path that representing the figure in the bitmap
/// excluding the transparent color which is the top left pixel.
/// //计算位图中不透明部分的边界
/// </summary>
/// <param name="bitmap">The Bitmap object to calculate our graphics path from</param>
/// <returns>Calculated graphics path</returns>
private static GraphicsPath CalculateControlGraphicsPath(Bitmap bitmap)
{
// Create GraphicsPath for our bitmap calculation
//创建 GraphicsPath
GraphicsPath graphicsPath = new GraphicsPath();
// Use the top left pixel as our transparent color
//使用左上角的一点的颜色作为我们透明色
Color colorTransparent = bitmap.GetPixel(0, 0);
// This is to store the column value where an opaque pixel is first found.
// This value will determine where we start scanning for trailing opaque pixels.
//第一个找到点的X
int colOpaquePixel = 0;
// Go through all rows (Y axis)
// 偏历所有行(Y方向)
for (int row = 0; row < bitmap.Height; row++)
{
// Reset value
//重设
colOpaquePixel = 0;
// Go through all columns (X axis)
//偏历所有列(X方向)
for (int col = 0; col < bitmap.Width; col++)
{
// If this is an opaque pixel, mark it and search for anymore trailing behind
//如果是不需要透明处理的点则标记,然后继续偏历
if (bitmap.GetPixel(col, row) != colorTransparent)
{
// Opaque pixel found, mark current position
//记录当前
colOpaquePixel = col;
// Create another variable to set the current pixel position
//建立新变量来记录当前点
int colNext = col;
// Starting from current found opaque pixel, search for anymore opaque pixels
// trailing behind, until a transparent pixel is found or minimum width is reached
///从找到的不透明点开始,继续寻找不透明点,一直到找到或则达到图片宽度
for (colNext = colOpaquePixel; colNext < bitmap.Width; colNext++)
if (bitmap.GetPixel(colNext, row) == colorTransparent)
break;
// Form a rectangle for line of opaque pixels found and add it to our graphics path
//将不透明点加到graphics path
graphicsPath.AddRectangle(new Rectangle(colOpaquePixel, row, colNext - colOpaquePixel, 1));
// No need to scan the line of opaque pixels just found
col = colNext;
}
}
}
// Return calculated graphics path
return graphicsPath;
}
}
4.运行
<!--[endif]-->
三、调用类库实现
主要就是根据一些坐标,然后根据这些坐标绘制窗体
代码如下:
public Form3()
{
InitializeComponent();
//创建不规则窗体
POINTAPI[] poin;
poin = new POINTAPI[5];
poin[0].x = 90;
poin[0].y = 90;
poin[1].x = this.Width;
poin[1].y = 0;
poin[2].x = Width;
poin[2].y = this.Height / 2;
poin[3].x = Width / 2;
poin[3].y = Height / 2;
poin[4].x = 0;
poin[4].y = Width;
Boolean flag = true;
IntPtr hRgn = CreatePolygonRgn(ref poin[0], 8, 1);
SetWindowRgn(this.Handle, hRgn, ref flag);
this.BackColor = Color.BurlyWood;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct POINTAPI
{
internal int x;
internal int y;
}
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
private static extern IntPtr CreatePolygonRgn(ref POINTAPI lpPoint,int nCount,int nPolyFillMode);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern IntPtr SetWindowRgn(IntPtr hWnd,IntPtr hRgn, ref Boolean bRedraw);
//设置窗体显示状态
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern int SetWindowPos(IntPtr hwnd,int hWndInsertAfter,int x,int y,int cx,int cy,int wFlags);
private void Start_Btn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{//始终显示在前面
SetWindowPos(this.Handle, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1);
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//最小化始终显示在前面
SetWindowPos(this.Handle, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
}
当然,我们也可以自定义窗体的动作,如按着某个轨迹一定,下面的代码中的BackgroundForm程序中就小试了一下,效果还不错,下面是这些程序的效果图:
代码是.Net 2.0的,也可以转换为其他版本的,只要运行主程序即可。
以上的四种方法有利也有弊,希望大家提意见或者更好的解决方案。