Spring Data环境搭建实现过程解析

本节作为主要讲解Spring Data的环境搭建

JPA Spring Data :致力于减少数据访问层(DAO)的开发量。开发者唯一要做的就是声明持久层的接口，其他都交给Spring Data JPA来帮你完成！

使用Spring Data JPA进行持久层开发需要的四个步骤：

• 配置Spring 整合 JPA
  

• 在Spring配置文件中配置Spring Data,让Spring 为声明的接口创建代理对象。配置了<jpa:repositories>后，Spring 初始化容器时将会扫描base-package 指定的包目录及其子目录，为继承Repository或其子接口的接口创建代理对象，并将代理对象注册为SpringBean，业务层便可以通过Spring的自动封装的特性来直接使用该对象。
  

• 声明持久层的接口，该接口继承Repository。Repository是一个标记型接口，它不包含任何方法，如必要，Spring Data 可实现Repository其他子接口，其中定义了一些常用的增删改查，以及分页相关的方法。
  

• 在接口中声明需要的方法。Spring Data将根据给定的策略，来为其生成实现代码。
  

环境搭建

1.所需要的包

① 加入spring包

• spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-aspects-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-beans-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-context-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-core-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-expression-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-jdbc-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-orm-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-tx-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-web-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-webmvc-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar

• com.springsource.net.sf.cglib-2.2.0.jar

• com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar

• com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar

• commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
  

② 加入hibernate包

• antlr-2.7.7.jar

• dom4j-1.6.1.jar

• hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.5.Final.jar

• hibernate-core-4.3.11.Final.jar

• hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar

• jandex-1.1.0.Final.jar

• javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar

• jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar

• jboss-logging-annotations-1.2.0.Beta1.jar

• jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec-1.0.0.Final.jar
  

③ 加jpa的包

hibernate-entitymanager-4.3.11.Final.jar

④ 加c3p0的包

• c3p0-0.9.2.1.jar

• hibernate-c3p0-4.3.11.Final.jar

• mchange-commons-java-0.2.3.4.jar
  

⑤ 加mysql的驱动

mysql-connector-java-5.1.7-bin.jar

⑥加入springData

• spring-data-commons-1.6.2.RELEASE.jar

• spring-data-jpa-1.4.2.RELEASE.jar
  

⑦加入 slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar

2.Spring Bean配置文件

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
  <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
  <!--配置数据源 -->
  <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
    <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
    <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
  </bean>
  <!--配置JPA的entityManagerFactory -->
  <bean id="entityManagerFactory"     class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    <!-- 配置JPA的实现 -->
    <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
      <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"></bean>
    </property>
    <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.ntjr.springdata"></property>
    <property name="jpaProperties">
      <props>
        <!-- 二级缓存相关 -->
        <!-- <prop key="hibernate.cache.region.factory_class">org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFactory</prop>
          <prop key="net.sf.ehcache.configurationResourceName">ehcache-hibernate.xml</prop> -->
        <!-- 生成的数据表的列的映射策略 -->
        <prop key="hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy">org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</prop>
        <!-- hibernate 基本属性 -->
        <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
        <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
        <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
        <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
      </props>
    </property>
  </bean>
  <!--配置事物管理器 -->
  <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
    <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"></property>
  </bean>
  <!-- 配置支持注解的事物 -->
  <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
  <!--配置springData -->
  <!--base-package:扫描Repository Bean所在的package -->
  <jpa:repositories base-package="com.ntjr.springdata"
    entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"
    transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager">
  </jpa:repositories>
</beans>

applicationContext.xml

3.数据库持久类

Person.java

package com.ntjr.springdata;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Table(name = "JPA_PERSONS")
@Entity
public class Person {
  private Integer id;
  private String lastName;
  private String email;
  private Date birth;
  @GeneratedValue
  @Id
  public Integer getId() {
    return id;
  }
  public void setId(Integer id) {
    this.id = id;
  }
  public String getLastName() {
    return lastName;
  }
  @Column(name = "LAST_NAME")
  public void setLastName(String lastName) {
    this.lastName = lastName;
  }
  public String getEmail() {
    return email;
  }
  public void setEmail(String email) {
    this.email = email;
  }
 public Date getBirth() {
    return birth;
  }

public void setBirth(Date birth) {
   this.birth = birth;
  }
  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "Person [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email=" + email + ", birth=" + birth + "]";
  }
}

4.DAO

PersonRepository.java

package com.ntjr.springdata;
import org.springframework.data.repository.Repository;
/**
 *
 * 1、实现Repository接口
 * 2、通过注解的方式@RepositoryDefinition将一个bean定义为Repository接口
 */
public interface PersonRepsitory extends Repository<Person, Integer> {
  // 根据lastName获取对应的person
  Person getByLastName(String lastName);
}

5.测试

SpringDataTest.java

package com.ntjr.springdata.test;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.ntjr.springdata.Person;
import com.ntjr.springdata.PersonRepsitory;
public class SpringDataTest {
 private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
  {
    ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
  }
  @Test
  public void getPersonForLastName() {
    PersonRepsitory personRepsitory = ctx.getBean(PersonRepsitory.class);
    Person person = personRepsitory.getByLastName("AA");
    System.out.println(person);
  }
}

来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhaobingqing/p/6854322.html