springboot 自定义异常并捕获异常返给前端的实现代码

背景

在开发中，如果用try catch的方式，每个方法都需要单独实现，为了方便分类异常，返回给前端，采用了@ControllerAdvice注解和继承了RuntimeException的方式来实现。

实现内容

捕获了三类异常
1.业务异常

          BusinessException

2.系统异常 

        SystemException

3.其他异常

        利用@ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)去捕获

ExceptionAdvice类捕获以上三类异常，并返回自定义类型格式数据

实现代码

业务异常BusinessException类实现方式，继承RuntimeException

public class BusinessException extends  RuntimeException {
/**
* 错误编码
*/
private String code;

public BusinessException() {
super();
}

public BusinessException(String message) {
super(message);
}

public BusinessException(String code, String message) {
super(message);
this.code = code;
}

public BusinessException(Throwable cause) {
super(cause);
}

public BusinessException(String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
}

public BusinessException(String message, Throwable cause,
boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
}

public String getCode() {
return code;
}

public void setCode(String code) {
this.code = code;
}

@Override
public String getMessage() {
return super.getMessage();
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return this.code + ":" + this.getMessage();
}
}

系统异常SystemException类实现方式，继承RuntimeException，同业务异常类的实现方式一样

public class SystemException extends  RuntimeException {
/**
* 错误编码
*/
private String code;

public SystemException() {
super();
}

public SystemException(String message) {
super(message);
}

public SystemException(String code, String message) {
super(message);
this.code = code;
}

public SystemException(Throwable cause) {
super(cause);
}

public SystemException(String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
}

public SystemException(String message, Throwable cause,
                          boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
}

public String getCode() {
return code;
}

public void setCode(String code) {
this.code = code;
}

@Override
public String getMessage() {
return super.getMessage();
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return this.code + ":" + this.getMessage();
}
}

ExceptionAdvice类，采用增强Controller注解 @ControllerAdvice的方式来实现

1.方法名称和返回类型都可以根据自己需要定义；

2.采用注解@ExceptionHandler，就是捕获的异常类型，我们只需要把需要捕获异常类型写进来就好

 ExceptionAdvice 具体代码实现如下：

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@ControllerAdvice
public class ExceptionAdvice {
   public static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExceptionAdvice.class);

@ResponseBody
   @ExceptionHandler(SystemException.class)
   public Result handleException(Exception e) {
       logger.error("系统异常信息：", e);
       Result result = new Result();
       if (e instanceof BusinessException) {
           e = (BusinessException) e;
           result.setCode(((BusinessException) e).getCode());
       }
       result.setFailed(e.getMessage());
       return result;
   }

@ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)
   @ResponseBody
   public Result handleException(RuntimeException e) {
       logger.error("异常信息：", e.getMessage());
       Result result = new Result();
       result.setStatus(500);
       result.setMessage(e.getMessage());
       return result;
   }

@ExceptionHandler(BusinessException.class)
   @ResponseBody
   public AjaxJson doBusinessException(Exception e) {
       AjaxJson ajaxJson = new AjaxJson();
       logger.error("业务异常消息：", e.getMessage());
       ajaxJson.setRet(-1);
       ajaxJson.setMsg(e.getMessage());
       return ajaxJson;
   }

}

测试代码

1.我们捕获一个业务异常BusinessException，输出aaa

2.捕获系统异常

throw new SystemException("aaaa");

3.其他的try catch的异常，这个就可以捕获了 

来源：https://blog.csdn.net/ying456baby/article/details/121291964