如何优雅的进行Spring整合MongoDB详解

前言

本文重点是要将mongodb与spring整合到项目中去，在实践中发现问题，追踪问题，然后解决问题。下面话不多说了，来一起看看详细的介绍吧。

一、准备

• Maven、Spring(spring-data-mongodb)

• spring Data for MongoDB是Spring Data的一个子模块。 目标是为mongodb提供一个相近的一致的基于Spring的编程模型。

• Spring Data for MongoDB核心功能是映射POJO到Mongo的DBCollection中的文档，并且提供Repository 风格数据访问层。

二、特性

• MongoDB的提供了一个面向文档存储，操作起来比较简单和容易。

• 你可以在MongoDB记录中设置任何属性的索引 (如：FirstName="Ning",Address="Beijing")来实现更快的排序。

• 你可以通过本地或者网络创建数据镜像，这使得MongoDB有更强的扩展性。

• 如果负载的增加（需要更多的存储空间和更强的处理能力） ，它可以分布在计算机网络中的其他节点上这就是所谓的分片。

• Mongo支持丰富的查询表达式。查询指令使用JSON形式的标记，可轻易查询文档中内嵌的对象及数组。

• MongoDb 使用update()命令可以实现替换完成的文档（数据）或者一些指定的数据字段 。

• Mongodb中的Map/reduce主要是用来对数据进行批量处理和聚合操作。

• Map和Reduce。Map函数调用emit(key,value)遍历集合中所有的记录，将key与value传给Reduce函数进行处理。

• Map函数和Reduce函数是使用Javascript编写的，并可以通过db.runCommand或mapreduce命令来执行MapReduce操作。

• GridFS是MongoDB中的一个内置功能，可以用于存放大量小文件。

• MongoDB允许在服务端执行脚本，可以用Javascript编写某个函数，直接在服务端执行，也可以把函数的定义存储在服务端，下次直接调用即可。

• MongoDB支持各种编程语言:RUBY，PYTHON，JAVA，C++，PHP，C#等多种语言。

三、依赖包

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>
<version>1.5.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.5.10</version>
</dependency>

spring 相关依赖

<!-- spring web相关依赖 -->
<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
 <version>3.1.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring test依赖 -->
<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
 <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

四、集成MongoDB

【注：MongoDB添加权限管理请参见我的这篇文章:MongDB开启权限认证】

mongodb.properties

mongo.hostport=172.16.4.166:27017
mongo.dbname=ad_api_count
mongo.username=hehaitao
mongo.password=hehaitao
mongo.connectionsPerHost=8
mongo.threadsAllowedToBlockForConnectionMultiplier=4
#\u8FDE\u63A5\u8D85\u65F6\u65F6\u95F4
mongo.connectTimeout=1000
#\u7B49\u5F85\u65F6\u95F4
mongo.maxWaitTime=1500
mongo.autoConnectRetry=true
mongo.socketKeepAlive=true
#Socket\u8D85\u65F6\u65F6\u95F4
mongo.socketTimeout=1500
mongo.slaveOk=true

mongoDB.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo-1.0.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd">
<!-- 加载mongodb的属性配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:mongodb.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/>

<!-- 定义mongo对象，对应的是mongodb官方jar包中的Mongo，replica-set设置集群副本的ip地址和端口 -->
<mongo:mongo id="mongo" replica-set="${mongo.hostport}">
<mongo:options
 connections-per-host="${mongo.connectionsPerHost}"
 threads-allowed-to-block-for-connection-multiplier="${mongo.threadsAllowedToBlockForConnectionMultiplier}"
 connect-timeout="${mongo.connectTimeout}"
 max-wait-time="${mongo.maxWaitTime}"
 auto-connect-retry="${mongo.autoConnectRetry}"
 socket-keep-alive="${mongo.socketKeepAlive}"
 socket-timeout="${mongo.socketTimeout}"
 slave-ok="${mongo.slaveOk}"
 write-number="1"
 write-timeout="0"
 write-fsync="true"/>
</mongo:mongo>
<mongo:db-factory id="mgFactory"
dbname="${mongo.dbname}"
username="${mongo.username}"
password="${mongo.password}"
 mongo-ref="mongo" />

<bean id="mongoTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate">
<constructor-arg name="mongoDbFactory" ref="mgFactory"/>
</bean>
</beans>

spring-contex.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.1.xsd">
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/>
<!--使用注解管理bean -->
<context:annotation-config/>
<!-- 扫描com.lutongnet下的所有类 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lutong.cps">
<context:exclude-filter type = "annotation" expression = "org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<import resource="mongoDB.xml"/>
</beans>

五、代码实现

基础实现MongoDBService

/**
* File Name : MongoDBService.java
* Package : com.lutongnet.ad.service
* Description : TODO
* Author : zhangfj
* Date : 2012-11-29
* Version : V1.0
*/
package com.lutong.cps.schedule.service.fj;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* @author zhangfj
*
*/
@Service("mongoDBService")
public class MongoDBService
{
/*@Resource(name = "mongoTemplate")
protected MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;*/
/**
*
* @param query
* @param entityClass
* @return T
*/
public <T> T findOne(Query query, Class<T> entityClass)
{
ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("mongoDB.xml");
MongoTemplate mongoTemplate= (MongoTemplate) context.getBean("mongoTemplate");
// 可以直接调用
return mongoTemplate.findOne(query, entityClass);
}
}

继承类UserAdCountService

/**
* File Name : UserAdCountService.java
* Package : com.lutongnet.ad.service
* Description : TODO
* Author : zhangfj
* Date : 2012-11-29
* Version : V1.0
*/
package com.lutong.cps.schedule.service.fj;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.lutong.cps.schedule.entity.UserAdCount;
/**
* @author zhangfj
*
*/
@Service("userAdCountService")
public class UserAdCountService extends MongoDBService
{
/**
* 获取单个广告的观看次数，查询不到则返回0
*
* @param adCode
* @return int
*/
public int getUserAdCount(UserAdCount adCode)
{
Criteria criteria = new Criteria();
criteria.andOperator(Criteria.where("userAd").is(adCode.getUserAd()),
 Criteria.where("adCode").is(adCode.getAdCode()),
 Criteria.where("countDate").is(adCode.getCountDate()));
Query query = new Query(criteria);
UserAdCount result = findOne(query, UserAdCount.class);
if (null != result)
{
 return result.getTimesCount();
}
return 0;
}
}

实体类UserAdCount

package com.lutong.cps.schedule.entity;
import java.util.Date;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.PersistenceConstructor;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;
/**
* mongo专用统计单个用户的单个广告观看次数
* @author cancer
*
*/
@Document(collection="userAdCount")
public class UserAdCount
{
private int timesCount;

/**
* 用户账号
*/
private String userAd;
private String adCode;
private String countDate;
private Date expireAt;
@PersistenceConstructor
public UserAdCount(int timesCount, String userAd,String adCode,String countDate,Date expireAt)
{
this.timesCount = timesCount;
this.userAd = userAd;
this.adCode = adCode;
this.countDate = countDate;
this.expireAt = expireAt;
}

public UserAdCount(String userAd,String adCode,String countDate)
{
this.userAd = userAd;
this.adCode = adCode;
this.countDate = countDate;
}

public UserAdCount(String userAd,String adCode,String countDate,Date expireAt)
{
this.userAd = userAd;
this.adCode = adCode;
this.countDate = countDate;
this.expireAt = expireAt;
}
public UserAdCount(String countDate)
{
this.countDate = countDate;
}

public int getTimesCount()
{
return timesCount;
}

public void setTimesCount(int timesCount)
{
this.timesCount = timesCount;
}

public String getUserAd()
{
return userAd;
}

public void setUserAd(String userAd)
{
this.userAd = userAd;
}

public String getAdCode()
{
return adCode;
}

public void setAdCode(String adCode)
{
this.adCode = adCode;
}

public String getCountDate() {
return countDate;
}

public void setCountDate(String countDate) {
this.countDate = countDate;
}

public Date getExpireAt() {
return expireAt;
}

public void setExpireAt(Date expireAt) {
this.expireAt = expireAt;
}
}

最后写一个测试类来测试下

import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import com.acts.web.modules.mark.model.Users;
import com.lutong.cps.schedule.service.fj.UserAdCountService;
@ContextConfiguration({ "classpath:spring-context.xml",
"classpath:mongoDB.xml"})
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class UserTest {
@Resource(name = "userAdCountService")
private UserAdCountService userAdCountService;
@Test
public void testDao() {
try {
 UserAdCount userAdCount = new UserAdCount("hehaitao", "pos001",
   DateTime.now().toString("yyyy-MM-dd"));
 int count = userAdCountService
   .getUserAdCount(userAdCount);
 System.out.println(count);
} catch (Exception e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

来源：http://www.cnblogs.com/zishengY/p/8467176.html