SpringBoot 项目中创建线程池
作者:鼓楼丶? 时间:2023-09-21 22:12:04
前言:
前两天做项目的时候,想提高一下插入表的性能优化,因为是两张表,先插旧的表,紧接着插新的表,一万多条数据就有点慢了
后面就想到了线程池
ThreadPoolExecutor
,而用的是Spring Boot项目,可以用Spring提供的对ThreadPoolExecutor
封装的线程池ThreadPoolTaskExecutor
,直接使用注解启用
使用步骤:
先创建一个线程池的配置,让Spring Boot加载,用来定义如何创建一个ThreadPoolTaskExecutor
,要使用@Configuration
和@EnableAsync
这两个注解,表示这是个配置类,并且是线程池的配置类
@Configuration
@EnableAsync
public?class?ExecutorConfig?{
????private?static?final?Logger?logger?=?LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExecutorConfig.class);
????@Value("${async.executor.thread.core_pool_size}")
????private?int?corePoolSize;
????@Value("${async.executor.thread.max_pool_size}")
????private?int?maxPoolSize;
????@Value("${async.executor.thread.queue_capacity}")
????private?int?queueCapacity;
????@Value("${async.executor.thread.name.prefix}")
????private?String?namePrefix;
????@Bean(name?=?"asyncServiceExecutor")
????public?Executor?asyncServiceExecutor()?{
????????logger.info("start?asyncServiceExecutor");
????????ThreadPoolTaskExecutor?executor?=?new?ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
????????//配置核心线程数
????????executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize);
????????//配置最大线程数
????????executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize);
????????//配置队列大小
????????executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity);
????????//配置线程池中的线程的名称前缀
????????executor.setThreadNamePrefix(namePrefix);
????????// rejection-policy:当pool已经达到max size的时候,如何处理新任务
????????// CALLER_RUNS:不在新线程中执行任务,而是有调用者所在的线程来执行
????????executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new?ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
????????//执行初始化
????????executor.initialize();
????????return?executor;
????}
}
@Value
是我配置在application.properties
,可以参考配置,自由定义
>?推荐下自己做的 Spring Cloud 的实战项目:
>
>?<https://github.com/YunaiV/onemall>
#?异步线程配置
#?配置核心线程数
async.executor.thread.core_pool_size?=?5
#?配置最大线程数
async.executor.thread.max_pool_size?=?5
#?配置队列大小
async.executor.thread.queue_capacity?=?99999
#?配置线程池中的线程的名称前缀
async.executor.thread.name.prefix?=?async-service-
创建一个Service接口,是异步线程的接口
public?interface?AsyncService?{
????/**?*?执行异步任务?*?可以根据需求,自己加参数拟定,我这里就做个测试演示?*/
????void?executeAsync();
}
实现类:
@Service
public?class?AsyncServiceImpl?implements?AsyncService?{
????private?static?final?Logger?logger?=?LoggerFactory.getLogger(AsyncServiceImpl.class);
????@Override
????@Async("asyncServiceExecutor")
????public?void?executeAsync()?{
????????logger.info("start?executeAsync");
????????System.out.println("异步线程要做的事情");
????????System.out.println("可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情");
????????logger.info("end?executeAsync");
????}
}
将Service层的服务异步化,在executeAsync()
方法上增加注解@Async("asyncServiceExecutor")
,asyncServiceExecutor
方法是前面ExecutorConfig.java 中的方法名,表明executeAsync
方法进入的线程池是asyncServiceExecutor
方法创建的
接下来就是在Controller里或者是哪里通过注解@Autowired
注入这个Service
@Autowired
private?AsyncService?asyncService;
@GetMapping("/async")
public?void?async(){
????asyncService.executeAsync();
}
用postmain或者其他工具来多次测试请求一下
2018-07-16 22:15:47.655 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-5] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync
异步线程要做的事情
可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情
2018-07-16 22:15:47.655 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-5] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync
2018-07-16 22:15:47.770 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-1] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync
异步线程要做的事情
可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情
2018-07-16 22:15:47.770 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-1] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync
2018-07-16 22:15:47.816 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-2] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync
异步线程要做的事情
可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情
2018-07-16 22:15:47.816 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-2] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync
2018-07-16 22:15:48.833 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-3] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync
异步线程要做的事情
可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情
2018-07-16 22:15:48.834 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-3] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync
2018-07-16 22:15:48.986 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-4] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync
异步线程要做的事情
可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情
2018-07-16 22:15:48.987 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-4] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync
通过以上日志可以发现,[async-service-]
是有多个线程的,显然已经在我们配置的线程池中执行了,并且每次请求中,controller的起始和结束日志都是连续打印的,表明每次请求都快速响应了,而耗时的操作都留给线程池中的线程去异步执行;
虽然我们已经用上了线程池,但是还不清楚线程池当时的情况,有多少线程在执行,多少在队列中等待呢?这里我创建了一个ThreadPoolTaskExecutor的子类,在每次提交线程的时候都会将当前线程池的运行状况打印出来
import?org.slf4j.Logger;
import?org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import?org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
import?org.springframework.util.concurrent.ListenableFuture;
import?java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import?java.util.concurrent.Future;
import?java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
/**?*?@Author:?ChenBin?*?@Date:?2018/7/16/0016?22:19?*/
public?class?VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor?extends?ThreadPoolTaskExecutor?{
????private?static?final?Logger?logger?=?LoggerFactory.getLogger(VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor.class);
????private?void?showThreadPoolInfo(String?prefix)?{
????????ThreadPoolExecutor?threadPoolExecutor?=?getThreadPoolExecutor();
????????if?(null?==?threadPoolExecutor)?{
????????????return;
????????}
????????logger.info("{},?{},taskCount?[{}],?completedTaskCount?[{}],?activeCount?[{}],?queueSize?[{}]",
????????????????this.getThreadNamePrefix(),
????????????????prefix,
????????????????threadPoolExecutor.getTaskCount(),
????????????????threadPoolExecutor.getCompletedTaskCount(),
????????????????threadPoolExecutor.getActiveCount(),
????????????????threadPoolExecutor.getQueue().size());
????}
????@Override
????public?void?execute(Runnable?task)?{
????????showThreadPoolInfo("1.?do?execute");
????????super.execute(task);
????}
????@Override
????public?void?execute(Runnable?task,?long?startTimeout)?{
????????showThreadPoolInfo("2.?do?execute");
????????super.execute(task,?startTimeout);
????}
????@Override
????public?Future<?>?submit(Runnable?task)?{
????????showThreadPoolInfo("1.?do?submit");
????????return?super.submit(task);
????}
????@Override
????public?<T>?Future<T>?submit(Callable<T>?task)?{
????????showThreadPoolInfo("2.?do?submit");
????????return?super.submit(task);
????}
????@Override
????public?ListenableFuture<?>?submitListenable(Runnable?task)?{
????????showThreadPoolInfo("1.?do?submitListenable");
????????return?super.submitListenable(task);
????}
????@Override
????public?<T>?ListenableFuture<T>?submitListenable(Callable<T>?task)?{
????????showThreadPoolInfo("2.?do?submitListenable");
????????return?super.submitListenable(task);
????}
}
如上所示,showThreadPoolInfo方法中将任务总数、已完成数、活跃线程数,队列大小都打印出来了,然后Override了父类的execute、submit等方法,在里面调用showThreadPoolInfo方法,这样每次有任务被提交到线程池的时候,都会将当前线程池的基本情况打印到日志中;
修改ExecutorConfig.java
的asyncServiceExecutor
方法,将ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor()
改为ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor()
@Bean(name?=?"asyncServiceExecutor")
????public?Executor?asyncServiceExecutor()?{
????????logger.info("start?asyncServiceExecutor");
????????//在这里修改
????????ThreadPoolTaskExecutor?executor?=?new?VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
????????//配置核心线程数
????????executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize);
????????//配置最大线程数
????????executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize);
????????//配置队列大小
????????executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity);
????????//配置线程池中的线程的名称前缀
????????executor.setThreadNamePrefix(namePrefix);
????????// rejection-policy:当pool已经达到max size的时候,如何处理新任务
????????// CALLER_RUNS:不在新线程中执行任务,而是有调用者所在的线程来执行
????????executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new?ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
????????//执行初始化
????????executor.initialize();
????????return?executor;
????}
再次启动该工程测试
2018-07-16 22:23:30.951 INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-2] u.d.e.e.i.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [0], completedTaskCount [0], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
2018-07-16 22:23:30.952 INFO 14088 --- [async-service-1] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync
异步线程要做的事情
可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情
2018-07-16 22:23:30.953 INFO 14088 --- [async-service-1] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync
2018-07-16 22:23:31.351 INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-3] u.d.e.e.i.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [1], completedTaskCount [1], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
2018-07-16 22:23:31.353 INFO 14088 --- [async-service-2] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync
异步线程要做的事情
可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情
2018-07-16 22:23:31.353 INFO 14088 --- [async-service-2] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync
2018-07-16 22:23:31.927 INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-5] u.d.e.e.i.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [2], completedTaskCount [2], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
2018-07-16 22:23:31.929 INFO 14088 --- [async-service-3] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync
异步线程要做的事情
可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情
2018-07-16 22:23:31.930 INFO 14088 --- [async-service-3] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync
2018-07-16 22:23:32.496 INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-7] u.d.e.e.i.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [3], completedTaskCount [3], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
2018-07-16 22:23:32.498 INFO 14088 --- [async-service-4] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync
异步线程要做的事情
可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情
2018-07-16 22:23:32.499 INFO 14088 --- [async-service-4] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync
注意这一行日志:
2018-07-16 22:23:32.496 INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-7] u.d.e.e.i.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [3], completedTaskCount [3], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
这说明提交任务到线程池的时候,调用的是submit(Callable task)这个方法,当前已经提交了3个任务,完成了3个,当前有0个线程在处理任务,还剩0个任务在队列中等待,线程池的基本情况一路了然。
来源:https://juejin.cn/post/7081620900856102948
![](/images/zang.png)
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