SpringBoot 整合 ElasticSearch操作各种高级查询搜索
作者：鸭血粉丝Tang 时间：2023-03-25 17:12:40
一、简介
在上篇 SpringBoot 整合 ElasticSearch 文章中，我们详细的介绍了 ElasticSearch 的索引和文档的基本增删改查的操作方法!
本文将重点介绍 ES 的各种高级查询写法和使用。
废话不多说，直接上代码!
二、代码实践
本文采用的SpringBoot版本号是2.1.0.RELEASE，服务端 es 的版本号是6.8.2，客户端采用的是官方推荐的Elastic Java High Level Rest Client版本号是6.4.2，方便与SpringBoot的版本兼容。
es 最大的亮点就是查询非常丰富，可以在上亿的数据里面快速搜索出目标数据，查询如果实现呢?请看下文：
单条件精确查询
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* 单条件精确查询
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search0() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
.query(QueryBuilders.termsQuery("name", "赵里"));
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
多条件精确查询，取并集
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* 多条件精确查询，取并集
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search1() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
.query(QueryBuilders.termsQuery("name", "张", "陈"));
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
范围查询
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* 范围查询，包括from、to
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search2() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
.query(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(20).to(32));
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
/**
* 范围查询，不包括from、to
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search3() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
.query(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(20,false).to(30, false));
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
/**
* 范围查询, lt:小于，gt:大于
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search4() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
.query(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").lt(30).gt(20));
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
模糊查询，支持通配符
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* 模糊查询，支持通配符
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search5() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
.query(QueryBuilders.wildcardQuery("name","张三"));
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
不使用通配符的模糊查询，左右匹配
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* 不使用通配符的模糊查询，左右匹配
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search6() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
.query(QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery("张三").field("name"));
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
多字段模糊查询
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* 多字段模糊查询
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search7() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
.query(QueryBuilders.multiMatchQuery("长", "name", "city"));
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
多字段模糊查询
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* 分页搜索
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search8() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
.from(0).size(2);
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
字段排序
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* 排序，字段的类型必须是：integer、double、long或者keyword
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search9() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
.sort("createTime", SortOrder.ASC);
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
精确统计筛选文档数
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* 精确统计筛选文档数,查询性能有所降低
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search10() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
.trackTotalHits(true);
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
设置源字段过滤返回
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* 设置源字段过虑,第一个参数结果集包括哪些字段，第二个参数表示结果集不包括哪些字段
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search11() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
.fetchSource(new String[]{"name","age","city","createTime"},new String[]{});
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
根据 id 精确匹配
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* 根据id精确匹配
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search12() throws IOException {
String[] ids = new String[]{"1","2"};
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
.query(QueryBuilders.termsQuery("_id", ids));
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
matchAllQuery 搜索全部
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* matchAllQuery搜索全部
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search21() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
match 搜索匹配
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* match搜索匹配
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search22() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
.query(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "张王"));
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
bool组合查询
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* bool组合查询
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search23() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder=new BoolQueryBuilder();
boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "张王"));
boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").lte(30).gte(20));
builder.query(boolQueryBuilder);
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
nested 类型嵌套查询
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* nested类型嵌套查询
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search24() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
//条件查询
BoolQueryBuilder mainBool=new BoolQueryBuilder();
mainBool.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "赵六"));
//nested类型嵌套查询
BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder=new BoolQueryBuilder();
boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("products.brand", "A"));
boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("products.title", "巧克力"));
NestedQueryBuilder nested = QueryBuilders.nestedQuery("products",boolQueryBuilder, ScoreMode.None);
mainBool.must(nested);
builder.query(mainBool);
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
多条件查询 + 排序 + 分页
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* 多条件查询 + 排序 + 分页
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search29() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
//条件搜索
BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder=new BoolQueryBuilder();
boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "张王"));
boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").lte(30).gte(20));
builder.query(boolQueryBuilder);
//结果集合分页
builder.from(0).size(2);
//排序
builder.sort("createTime",SortOrder.ASC);
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
聚合查询-求和
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* 聚合查询 sum
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search30() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
//条件搜索
builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
//聚合查询
AggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.sum("sum_age").field("age");
builder.aggregation(aggregation);
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
聚合查询-求平均值
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* 聚合查询 avg
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search31() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
//条件搜索
builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
//聚合查询
AggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.avg("avg_age").field("age");
builder.aggregation(aggregation);
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
聚合查询-计数
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* 聚合查询 count
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search32() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
//条件搜索
builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
//聚合查询
AggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.count("count_age").field("age");
builder.aggregation(aggregation);
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
聚合查询-分组
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
/**
* 聚合查询 分组
* @throws IOException
*/
@Test
public void search33() throws IOException {
// 创建请求
SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
//条件搜索
builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
//聚合查询
AggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.terms("tag_createTime").field("createTime")
.subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.count("count_age").field("age")) //计数
.subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.sum("sum_age").field("age")) //求和
.subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.avg("avg_age").field("age")); //求平均值
builder.aggregation(aggregation);
//不输出原始数据
builder.size(0);
//搜索
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
searchRequest.types("_doc");
searchRequest.source(builder);
// 执行请求
SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析查询结果
System.out.println(response.toString());
}
}
三、小结
本文主要围绕 SpringBoot 整合 ElasticSearch 进行各种高级查询的介绍，在下篇文章中，我们会重点介绍 es 的性能调优!
来源：https://developer.51cto.com/article/710468.html
标签：SpringBoot,整合,ES,查询搜索,ElasticSearch
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