C#使用RabbitMq队列(Sample,Work,Fanout,Direct等模式的简单使用)

1：RabbitMQ是个啥？（专业术语参考自网络）

RabbitMQ是实现了高级消息队列协议（AMQP）的开源消息代理软件（亦称面向消息的中间件）。

RabbitMQ服务器是用Erlang语言编写的，Erlang是专门为高并发而生的语言，而集群和故障转移是构建在开发电信平台框架上的。所有主要的编程语言均有与代理接口通讯的客户端库

2：使用RabbitMQ有啥好处？

RabbitMQ是使用Erlang语言开发的开源消息队列系统，基于AMQP协议来实现。
AMQP的主要特征是面向消息、队列、路由（包括点对点和发布/订阅）、可靠性、安全。
AMQP协议更多用在企业系统内，对数据一致性、稳定性和可靠性要求很高的场景，对性能和吞吐量的要求还在其次。
RabbitMQ的可靠性是非常好的，数据能够保证百分之百的不丢失。可以使用镜像队列，它的稳定性非常好。所以说在我们互联网的金融行业。

对数据的稳定性和可靠性要求都非常高的情况下，我们都会选择RabbitMQ。当然没有kafka性能好，但是要比AvtiveMQ性能要好很多。也可以自己做一些性能的优化。

RabbitMQ可以构建异地双活架构，包括每一个节点存储方式可以采用磁盘或者内存的方式，

3:RabbitMq的安装以及环境搭建等：

网络上有很多关于怎么搭建配置RabbitMq服务环境的详细文章，也比较简单，这里不再说明，本人是Docker上面的pull RabbitMq 镜像来安装的！

3.1：运行容器的命令如下：

docker run -d --hostname Log --restart=always --name rabbitmq -p 5672:5672 -p 15672:15672 -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=log_user -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=331QQFEG123 rabbitmq:3-management

4：RabbitMq的使用场景主要有哪些，啥时候用或者不用？

4.1什么时候使用MQ？

1）数据驱动的任务依赖

2）上游不关心多下游执行结果

3）异步返回执行时间长

4.2什么时候不使用MQ？

需要实时关注执行结果 （eg：同步调用）

5：具体C#怎么使用RabbitMq?下面直接上code和测试截图了（Demo环境是.NetCore3.1控制台+Docker上的RabbitMQ容器来进行的）

6：sample模式，就是简单地队列模式，一进一出的效果差不多，测试截图：

Code:

//简单生产端 ui调用者

using System;
namespace RabbitMqPublishDemo
{
 using MyRabbitMqService;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;

class Program
 {
   static void Main(string[] args)
   {
       //就是简单的队列，生产者
       Console.WriteLine("====RabbitMqPublishDemo====");
       for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++)
       {
         ZrfRabbitMqHelper.PublishSampleMsg("smapleMsg", $"nihaifengge:{i}");
       }
       Console.WriteLine("生成完毕！");
       Console.ReadLine();
   }
 }
}

/// <summary>
/// 简单生产者 逻辑
/// </summary>
/// <param name="queueName"></param>
/// <param name="msg"></param>
public static void PublishSampleMsg(string queueName, string msg)
{

using (IConnection conn = connectionFactory.CreateConnection())
 {
   using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())
   {
     channel.QueueDeclare(queue: queueName, durable: false, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
     var msgBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msg);
     channel.BasicPublish(exchange: "", routingKey: queueName, basicProperties: null, body: msgBody);
   }
 }
}

//简单消费端
using System;

namespace RabbitMqConsumerDemo
{
 using MyRabbitMqService;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

class Program
 {
   static void Main(string[] args)
   {
     Console.WriteLine("====RabbitMqConsumerDemo====");
     ZrfRabbitMqHelper.ConsumeSampleMsg("smapleMsg", isBasicNack: true, handleMsgStr: handleMsgStr =>
     {
       Console.WriteLine($"订阅到消息:{DateTime.Now}:{handleMsgStr}");
     });
     Console.ReadLine();
   }
 }
}

#region 简单生产者后端逻辑
   /// <summary>
   /// 简单消费者
   /// </summary>
   /// <param name="queueName">队列名称</param>
   /// <param name="isBasicNack">失败后是否自动放到队列</param>
   /// <param name="handleMsgStr">有就自己对字符串的处理,如果要存储到数据库请自行扩展</param>
   public static void ConsumeSampleMsg(string queueName, bool isBasicNack = false, Action<string> handleMsgStr = null)// bool ifBasicReject = false,
   {
     Console.WriteLine("ConsumeSampleMsg Waiting for messages....");
     IConnection conn = connectionFactory.CreateConnection();
     IModel channel = conn.CreateModel();
     channel.QueueDeclare(queue: queueName, durable: false, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
     var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
     consumer.Received += (sender, ea) =>
     {
       byte[] bymsg = ea.Body.ToArray();
       string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bymsg);
       if (handleMsgStr != null)
       {
         handleMsgStr.Invoke(msg);
       }
       else
       {
         Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now}->收到消息:{msg}");
       }
     };
     channel.BasicConsume(queueName, autoAck: true, consumer);
   }
   #endregion

7：Work模式

//简单生产端 ui调用者

using System;
namespace RabbitMqPublishDemo
{
 using MyRabbitMqService;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;

class Program
 {
   static void Main(string[] args)
   {
       //就是简单的队列，生产者
       Console.WriteLine("====RabbitMqPublishDemo====");
       for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++)
       {
         ZrfRabbitMqHelper.PublishSampleMsg("smapleMsg", $"nihaifengge:{i}");
       }
       Console.WriteLine("生成完毕！");
       Console.ReadLine();
   }
 }
}

/// <summary>
/// 简单生产者 逻辑
/// </summary>
/// <param name="queueName"></param>
/// <param name="msg"></param>
public static void PublishSampleMsg(string queueName, string msg)
{

using (IConnection conn = connectionFactory.CreateConnection())
 {
   using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())
   {
     channel.QueueDeclare(queue: queueName, durable: false, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
     var msgBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msg);
     channel.BasicPublish(exchange: "", routingKey: queueName, basicProperties: null, body: msgBody);
   }
 }
}

//简单消费端
using System;

namespace RabbitMqConsumerDemo
{
 using MyRabbitMqService;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

class Program
 {
   static void Main(string[] args)
   {
     Console.WriteLine("====RabbitMqConsumerDemo====");
     ZrfRabbitMqHelper.ConsumeSampleMsg("smapleMsg", isBasicNack: true, handleMsgStr: handleMsgStr =>
     {
       Console.WriteLine($"订阅到消息:{DateTime.Now}:{handleMsgStr}");
     });
     Console.ReadLine();
   }
 }
}

#region 简单生产者后端逻辑
   /// <summary>
   /// 简单消费者
   /// </summary>
   /// <param name="queueName">队列名称</param>
   /// <param name="isBasicNack">失败后是否自动放到队列</param>
   /// <param name="handleMsgStr">有就自己对字符串的处理,如果要存储到数据库请自行扩展</param>
   public static void ConsumeSampleMsg(string queueName, bool isBasicNack = false, Action<string> handleMsgStr = null)// bool ifBasicReject = false,
   {
     Console.WriteLine("ConsumeSampleMsg Waiting for messages....");
     IConnection conn = connectionFactory.CreateConnection();
     IModel channel = conn.CreateModel();
     channel.QueueDeclare(queue: queueName, durable: false, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
     var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
     consumer.Received += (sender, ea) =>
     {
       byte[] bymsg = ea.Body.ToArray();
       string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bymsg);
       if (handleMsgStr != null)
       {
         handleMsgStr.Invoke(msg);
       }
       else
       {
         Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now}->收到消息:{msg}");
       }
     };
     channel.BasicConsume(queueName, autoAck: true, consumer);
   }
   #endregion

8：Fanout

Code:

//就如下的code, 多次生产，3个消费者都可以自动开始消费

//生产者
using System;
namespace RabbitMqPublishDemo
{
 using MyRabbitMqService;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 class Program
 {
   static void Main(string[] args)
   {
     for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++)
     {
       ZrfRabbitMqHelper.PublishWorkQueueModel("workqueue", $" :发布消息成功{i}");
     }
     Console.WriteLine("工作队列模式 生成完毕......！");
     Console.ReadLine();
   }
 }
}

//生产者后端逻辑
public static void PublishWorkQueueModel(string queueName, string msg)
   {
     using (var connection = connectionFactory.CreateConnection())
     using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
     {
       channel.QueueDeclare(queue: queueName, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
       var body = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msg);
       var properties = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
       properties.Persistent = true;

channel.BasicPublish(exchange: "", routingKey: queueName, basicProperties: properties, body: body);
       Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now},SentMsg: {msg}");
     }
   }

//work消费端
using System;

namespace RabbitMqConsumerDemo
{
 using MyRabbitMqService;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 class Program
 {
   static void Main(string[] args)
   {
     Console.WriteLine("====Work模式开启了====");
     ZrfRabbitMqHelper.ConsumeWorkQueueModel("workqueue", handserMsg: msg =>
     {
       Console.WriteLine($"work模式获取到消息{msg}");
     });
     Console.ReadLine();
   }
 }
}

//work后端逻辑
   public static void ConsumeWorkQueueModel(string queueName, int sleepHmao = 90, Action<string> handserMsg = null)
   {
     var connection = connectionFactory.CreateConnection();
     var channel = connection.CreateModel();

channel.QueueDeclare(queue: queueName, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
     channel.BasicQos(prefetchSize: 0, prefetchCount: 1, global: false);

var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
     Console.WriteLine(" ConsumeWorkQueueModel Waiting for messages....");

consumer.Received += (sender, ea) =>
     {
       var body = ea.Body.ToArray();
       var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(body);
       if (handserMsg != null)
       {
         if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(message))
         {
           handserMsg.Invoke(message);
         }
       }
       channel.BasicAck(deliveryTag: ea.DeliveryTag, multiple: false);
     };
     channel.BasicConsume(queue: queueName, autoAck: false, consumer: consumer);
   }

9：Direct

Code:

//同一个消息会被多个订阅者消费

//发布者
using System;

namespace RabbitMqPublishDemo
{
 using MyRabbitMqService;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;

class Program
 {
   static void Main(string[] args)
   {

#region 发布订阅模式，带上了exchange
     for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++)
     {
       ZrfRabbitMqHelper.PublishExchangeModel("exchangemodel", $"发布的消息是：{i}");
     }
     Console.WriteLine("发布ok！");
     #endregion
     Console.ReadLine();
   }
 }
}
//发布者的后端逻辑 我在这里选择了扇形: ExchangeType.Fanout
 public static void PublishExchangeModel(string exchangeName, string message)
   {
     using (var connection = connectionFactory.CreateConnection())
     using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
     {
       channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange: exchangeName, type: ExchangeType.Fanout);
       var body = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message);
       channel.BasicPublish(exchange: exchangeName, routingKey: "", basicProperties: null, body: body);
       Console.WriteLine($" Sent {message}");
     }
   }

//订阅者
using System;
namespace RabbitMqConsumerDemo
{
 using MyRabbitMqService;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 class Program
 {
   static void Main(string[] args)
   {

#region 发布订阅模式 Exchange
     ZrfRabbitMqHelper.SubscriberExchangeModel("exchangemodel", msg =>
     {
       Console.WriteLine($"订阅到消息：{msg}");
     });
     #endregion
     Console.ReadLine();
   }
 }
}

//订阅者后端的逻辑
public static void SubscriberExchangeModel(string exchangeName, Action<string> handlerMsg = null)
   {
     var connection = connectionFactory.CreateConnection();
     var channel = connection.CreateModel();

channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange: exchangeName, type: ExchangeType.Fanout);//Fanout 扇形分叉

var queueName = channel.QueueDeclare().QueueName;
     channel.QueueBind(queue: queueName,
              exchange: exchangeName,
              routingKey: "");

Console.WriteLine(" Waiting for msg....");

var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
     consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>
     {
       var body = ea.Body.ToArray();
       var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(body);
       if (handlerMsg != null)
       {
         if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(message))
         {
           handlerMsg.Invoke(message);
         }
       }
       else
       {
         Console.WriteLine($"订阅到消息:{message}");
       }
     };
     channel.BasicConsume(queue: queueName, autoAck: true, consumer: consumer);
   }

来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/Fengge518/p/13826983.html