java实现图片上传至本地实例详解

在工作中要求将图片上传至本地，如下代码将介绍如何将图片上传至本地

准备工作：

环境：eclipse4.5-x64,jdk1.7-x64,maven3

tomcat服务器配置图片上传映射：

上传至本地服务器配置文件：image.properties

#\u672c\u5730\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u56fe\u7247\u4fdd\u5b58\u8def\u5f84
IMAGEPATH=/mall/upload/image/

#\u56fe\u7247\u540e\u7f00\u540d
FILE_EXTEND_NAME=gif,jpg,jpeg,png,bmp

#\u672c\u5730\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u89c6\u9891\u5b58\u50a8\u5730\u5740
MEDIAPATH=/mall/upload/media/

#\u89c6\u9891\u540e\u7f00\u540d
MEDIA_EXTEND_NAME=mp4

controlle：UploadUtil.java

/**
* 文件上传工具类
* @author sang
*/
@Controller
public class UploadUtil {
/** 记录日志对象 */
private static final MyLogger LOGGER = new MyLogger(UploadUtil.class);
/**图片格式错误信息*/
private static final String LOGGERINFO1 = "的图片不符合限制";
/**
 * 备注：
 * uploadImgLocal,uploadImgOSS,ossConfMapper均是静态成员变量
 * 则添加注解注意只能用@Autowired且get,set方法不能有static否则报错
 * */
/**文件上传：本地,注意*/
private static UploadImgLocal uploadImgLocal;
/**文件上传：OSS对象 */
private static UploadImgOSS uploadImgOSS;
/**OSS配置查询 */
private static OSSConfMapper ossConfMapper;

public UploadImgLocal getUploadImgLocal() {
return uploadImgLocal;
}
@Autowired
public void setUploadImgLocal(UploadImgLocal uploadImgLocal) {
UploadUtil.uploadImgLocal = uploadImgLocal;
}

public UploadImgOSS getUploadImgOSS() {
return uploadImgOSS;
}
@Autowired
public void setUploadImgOSS(UploadImgOSS uploadImgOSS) {
UploadUtil.uploadImgOSS = uploadImgOSS;
}

public OSSConfMapper getOssConfMapper() {
return ossConfMapper;
}
@Autowired
public void setOssConfMapper(OSSConfMapper ossConfMapper) {
UploadUtil.ossConfMapper = ossConfMapper;
}

/**
 * 上传文件:去除85这个宽度
 * @param muFile 上传文件
 * @param req
 * @return Map 返回中 key值{0,1,2,oldimg} 0小图 1中图 2大图 oldimg原图
 */
public static synchronized Map<String, String> uploadFile(MultipartFile muFile,HttpServletRequest req) {
Map<String, String> map = null;
try {
//查询oss启用状态的配置信息
OSSConf ossConf=ossConfMapper.findByOssStatus();
if(muFile != null && muFile.getSize()>0 && ossConf!=null) {
//检查上传的图片的大小和扩展名
if (!UploadImgCommon.checkFileForSpringUpload(muFile)) {
throw new RuntimeException("上传" + muFile.getOriginalFilename() + LOGGERINFO1);
}
//oss类型0本地1阿里云2京东云
String ossType=ossConf.getOssType();
if("0".equals(ossType)){
//上传本地
map = uploadImgLocal.uploadForABCSize(muFile);
}else if("1".equals(ossType) || "2".equals(ossType)){
//上传oss
map=uploadImgOSS.uploadForABCSize(muFile,ossConf);
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
LOGGER.error("上传文件失败"+e.getMessage(),e);
}
 return map;
}

}

类：UploadImgLocal.java

/**
* 上传文件：本地
* @author somnus
*
*/
@Component("uploadImgLocal")
public class UploadImgLocal {
/** 记录日志对象 */
private static final MyLogger LOGGER = new MyLogger(UploadImgLocal.class);
/**获得当前项目访问的地址 */
private static String url;
@Resource(name = "SysHelperMapper")
private SysHelperMapper sysHelperMapper;

/**
 * 上传文件:去除85这个宽度
 * 存储原图地址如：http://127.0.0.1:8080:/mall/upload/image/20170804/1501811601145.jpg
 * @param muFile
 * @return Map 返回中 key值{0,1,2,oldimg} 0小图 1中图 2大图 oldimg原图
 */
public Map<String, String> uploadForABCSize(MultipartFile muFile) {
 //封装结果集
Map<String, String> imgMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
 //服务器本地保存图片路径
 HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes()).getRequest();
 //获得当前项目访问的地址:http://127.0.0.1:8080
 url=UploadImgCommon.getHttpAndPort(request);
 //获取上传文件的保存路径:文件拼接地址：服务器本地保存路径+文件名+后缀
 String fileNamess = UploadImgCommon.getPicNamePathSuffix();
 try {
 File file = new File(fileNamess);
 //转存文件到指定的路径
  muFile.transferTo(file);
  //获取原图地址
  LOGGER.info(UploadImgCommon.LOGGERINFO1 + (url+fileNamess));
  //存储原图地址如：/mall/upload/image/20170804/1501811601145.jpg
  imgMap.put(UploadImgCommon.OLDIMG, (url+fileNamess));

//图片处理：获取宽度集合，去除85这个宽度[352, 56, 160]
  int[] widths = UploadImgCommon.getImgSetOut85(sysHelperMapper.selectImageSet());
  //给宽度集合升序排序
  UploadImgCommon.sortWidth(widths);//[56,160,352]
  //缩放文件
  File zoomFile=null;
  for(int i = 0; i < widths.length; i++){
  //20171226新优化：将指定尺寸图片存储至本地
  //缩放文件名
  String zoomFileName=UploadImgCommon.picPath + UploadImgCommon.prefix + UploadImgCommon.SYMBOLS + widths[i] + UploadImgCommon.suffix;
  //创建缩放文件
  zoomFile=new File(zoomFileName);
  //转存文件到指定的路径
   muFile.transferTo(zoomFile);
  //获取指定尺寸图片地址:大图352中160小56
   LOGGER.info(widths[i]+UploadImgCommon.LOGGERINFO2+(url + UploadImgCommon.picPath + UploadImgCommon.prefix + UploadImgCommon.SYMBOLS + widths[i] + UploadImgCommon.suffix));
   imgMap.put(i + "", (url + UploadImgCommon.picPath + UploadImgCommon.prefix + UploadImgCommon.SYMBOLS + widths[i] + UploadImgCommon.suffix));
  }
 } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
  LOGGER.error(UploadImgCommon.LOGGERINFO3, e);
 } catch (IOException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
  LOGGER.error(UploadImgCommon.LOGGERINFO3, e);
 } catch (Exception e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
  LOGGER.error(UploadImgCommon.LOGGERINFO3, e);
 }
 return imgMap;
}
}

公共方法：UploadImgCommon.java

package com.qianjiang.util.uploadutil;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import com.qianjiang.manager.bean.ImageSet;
import com.qianjiang.util.MyLogger;
import com.qianjiang.util.UtilDate;

/**
* 文件上传公共方法
* @author somnus
*/
public class UploadImgCommon {
/** 记录日志对象 */
private static final MyLogger LOGGER = new MyLogger(UploadImgCommon.class);
/**定义图片*/
protected static final String IMAGE = "image";
/**定义视频*/
protected static final String MEDIA="media";
/**定义图片上传最大限制10MB*/
private static long maxSize = 10 * 1024 * 1024;
/**定义视频上传最大限制500MB */
private static long mediaMaxSize= 500 * 1024 * 1024;
/**定义允许上传文件扩展名 */
private static HashMap<String, String> extMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
/**文件保存路径 */
protected static String picPath;
/** 要保存的文件名 */
protected static String prefix;
/**文件后缀 */
protected static String suffix;
/**定位宽度集合循环次数*/
protected static final int THREE = 3;
/**拼接图片缩放特殊符号*/
protected static final String SYMBOLS="@";

/**图片56缩放*/
protected static final int SMALL = 56;
/**设置imgMap中返回小图key值*/
protected static final int SMALLIMG=0;
/**原图*/
protected static final String OLDIMG = "oldimg";
protected static final String LOGGERINFO1 = "原图地址：";
protected static final String LOGGERINFO2 = "尺寸的图片地址：";
protected static final String LOGGERINFO3 = "图片上传，返回key值列表错误";
//本地上传图片properties属性值
protected static final String IMAGEPATH = "IMAGEPATH";
//本地上传视频properties属性值
protected static final String MEDIAPATH = "MEDIAPATH";

/**初始化*/
static {
//允许图片扩展名
 extMap.put(IMAGE, "gif,jpg,jpeg,png,bmp");
 //允许视频扩展名
 extMap.put(MEDIA, "mp4");
}

/**
* 获取上传文件的保存路径
* 文件拼接地址：服务器本地保存路径+文件名+后缀
* @return 文件名（全路径）
*/
public static String getPicNamePathSuffix() {
 String fileName="";
try {
 //根据系统当前时间生成上传后保存的文件名
  long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
  //文件名系统当前时间如1501848484869
  prefix = String.valueOf(now);
  //文件路径如：/mall/upload/image/20170804/
  picPath = getHostAndPort().getProperty(IMAGEPATH) + UtilDate.todayFormatString(new Date()) + "/";
  //根据真实路径创建目录文件
  File picSaveFile = new File(picPath);
 if(!picSaveFile.exists()){
  picSaveFile.mkdirs();
 }
 //文件的后缀
  suffix = ".jpg";
  fileName=picPath + prefix + suffix;
  LOGGER.info("创建文件成功，文件名："+fileName);
 } catch (Exception e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
  LOGGER.error("创建本地文件失败"+e.getMessage(),e);
 }
 return fileName;
}

/**
 * 上传视频存储本地服务器
 * 获取上传文件的保存名称、服务器本地保存路径、后缀，拼接成文件地址
 * @return
 */
public static String getVideoNamePathSuffix() {
String fileName="";
try {
//根据系统当前时间生成上传后保存的文件名
 long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
 //文件名系统当前时间如1501848484869
 prefix = String.valueOf(now);
 //文件路径如：/mall/upload/media/20170804/
 picPath =getHostAndPort().getProperty(MEDIAPATH) + UtilDate.todayFormatString(new Date()) + "/";
 //根据真实路径创建目录文件
 File picSaveFile = new File(picPath);
 if(!picSaveFile.exists()){
  picSaveFile.mkdirs();
 }
 //文件的后缀(默认为MP4格式)
 UploadImgCommon.suffix = ".mp4";
 fileName=picPath + prefix + suffix;
 LOGGER.info("创建视频文件成功，文件名："+fileName);
 } catch (Exception e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
  LOGGER.error("创建上传视频本地服务器地址失败:"+e.getLocalizedMessage(), e);
 }
 return fileName;
}

/**
 * 获取宽度集合
 * @return
 */
public static int[] getImgSet(List<ImageSet> imgSet) {
 int[] widths = new int[imgSet.size()];
 for (int i = 0; i < imgSet.size(); i++) {
  widths[i] = Integer.parseInt(imgSet.get(i).getRuleWidth());
 }
 return widths;
}

/**
 * 获取宽度集合，去除85这个宽度
 * @param imgSet
 * @return
 */
public static int[] getImgSetOut85(List<ImageSet> imgSet) {
 int[] widths = new int[THREE];
 for (int i = 0; i < imgSet.size(); i++) {
  if ("85".equals(imgSet.get(i).getRuleWidth())) {
   if (i < 3) {
    i--;
   }
   continue;
  }
  widths[i] = Integer.parseInt(imgSet.get(i).getRuleWidth());
 }
 return widths;
}

/**
 * 给宽度集合升序排序
 * @param widths
 */
public static void sortWidth(int[] widths) {
 for (int i = 0; i < widths.length; i++) {
  for (int j = i + 1; j < widths.length; j++) {
   int temp;
   if (widths[i] > widths[j]) {
    temp = widths[i];
    widths[i] = widths[j];
    widths[j] = temp;
   }
  }
 }
}

/**
 * 获得当前项目访问的地址
 * 比如http://127.0.0.1:8080
 * @param request
 * @return 返回当前项目访问的地址
 */
public static String getHttpAndPort(HttpServletRequest request) {
 return request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort();
}

/**
 * 读取配置文件信息
 * @return
 */
public static Properties getHostAndPort() {
 Properties p = new Properties();
 try{
 InputStream inputStream = UploadImgCommon.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("config/image.properties");
  p.load(inputStream);
 }catch(Exception e){
 e.printStackTrace();
  LOGGER.error("读取Properties属性文件错误"+e.getMessage(),e);
 }
 return p;
}

/**
 * SpringMVC上传：验证上传图片的大小和扩展名
 * @param muFile 上传文件
 * @return 验证通过返回true，否则返回false
 */
public static boolean checkFileForSpringUpload(MultipartFile muFile) {
 boolean bool = true;
 // 检查文件大小
 if (muFile.getSize() > maxSize) {
  LOGGER.error("=============>上传" + muFile.getOriginalFilename() + "文件大小超过限制");
  bool = false;
  return bool;
 }
 String fileName = muFile.getOriginalFilename();
 //检查扩展名
 String fileExt = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1).toLowerCase();
 if (!Arrays.<String> asList(extMap.get(IMAGE).split(",")).contains(fileExt)) {
  LOGGER.error("上传文件" + muFile.getOriginalFilename() + "扩展名是不允许的扩展名。\n只允许" + extMap.get(IMAGE) + "格式。");
  bool = false;
  return bool;
 }
 return bool;
}

/**
 * js引入Kindeditor插件实现文件上传
 * 验证上传文件大小和扩展名
 * @param file 上传文件
 * @return 验证通过返回true，否则返回false
 */
public static boolean checkFileAndMedia(FileItem file,String dirName) {
 boolean bool = true;
 //文件大小
long fileSize = file.getSize();
//文件名
String fileName = file.getName();

//检查文件大小
if(fileSize > maxSize && fileSize > mediaMaxSize){
LOGGER.error("=============>上传" + file.getFieldName() + "文件大小超过限制");
bool = false;
return bool;
}

//检查扩展名
String fileExt = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1).toLowerCase();
if(!Arrays.<String>asList(extMap.get(dirName).split(",")).contains(fileExt)){
LOGGER.error("上传文件" + file.getFieldName() + "扩展名是不允许的扩展名。\n只允许" + extMap.get(dirName) + "格式。");
bool = false;
return bool;
}

return bool;
}

}

上传成功后控制台打印信息：

上传成功后前台展示效果：

来源：https://blog.csdn.net/u014079773/article/details/79763325