利用Python脚本生成sitemap.xml的实现方法
作者:PegasusWang 时间:2021-03-16 22:32:32
安装lxml
首先需要pip install lxml
安装lxml库。
如果你在ubuntu上遇到了以下错误:
#include "libxml/xmlversion.h"
compilation terminated.
error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Removing temporary dir /tmp/pip_build_root...
Command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip_build_root/lxml/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-O4cIn6-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip_build_root/lxml
Exception information:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 122, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 283, in run
requirement_set.install(install_options, global_options, root=options.root_path)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 1435, in install
requirement.install(install_options, global_options, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 706, in install
cwd=self.source_dir, filter_stdout=self._filter_install, show_stdout=False)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/util.py", line 697, in call_subprocess
% (command_desc, proc.returncode, cwd))
InstallationError: Command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip_build_root/lxml/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-O4cIn6-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip_build_root/lxml
请安装以下依赖:
sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev
Python代码
下面是生成sitemap和sitemapindex索引的代码,可以按照需求传入需要的参数,或者增加字段:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import io
import re
from lxml import etree
def generate_xml(filename, url_list):
"""Generate a new xml file use url_list"""
root = etree.Element('urlset',
xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9")
for each in url_list:
url = etree.Element('url')
loc = etree.Element('loc')
loc.text = each
url.append(loc)
root.append(url)
header = u'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>\n'
s = etree.tostring(root, encoding='utf-8', pretty_print=True)
with io.open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write(unicode(header+s))
def update_xml(filename, url_list):
"""Add new url_list to origin xml file."""
f = open(filename, 'r')
lines = [i.strip() for i in f.readlines()]
f.close()
old_url_list = []
for each_line in lines:
d = re.findall('<loc>(http:\/\/.+)<\/loc>', each_line)
old_url_list += d
url_list += old_url_list
generate_xml(filename, url_list)
def generatr_xml_index(filename, sitemap_list, lastmod_list):
"""Generate sitemap index xml file."""
root = etree.Element('sitemapindex',
xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9")
for each_sitemap, each_lastmod in zip(sitemap_list, lastmod_list):
sitemap = etree.Element('sitemap')
loc = etree.Element('loc')
loc.text = each_sitemap
lastmod = etree.Element('lastmod')
lastmod.text = each_lastmod
sitemap.append(loc)
sitemap.append(lastmod)
root.append(sitemap)
header = u'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>\n'
s = etree.tostring(root, encoding='utf-8', pretty_print=True)
with io.open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write(unicode(header+s))
if __name__ == '__main__':
urls = ['http://www.baidu.com'] * 10
mods = ['2004-10-01T18:23:17+00:00'] * 10
generatr_xml_index('index.xml', urls, mods)
效果
生成的效果应该是这种格式:
sitemap格式:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">
<url>
<loc>http://www.example.com/foo.html</loc>
</url>
</urlset>
sitemapindex格式:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<sitemapindex xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">
<sitemap>
<loc>http://www.example.com/sitemap1.xml.gz</loc>
<lastmod>2004-10-01T18:23:17+00:00</lastmod>
</sitemap>
<sitemap>
<loc>http://www.example.com/sitemap2.xml.gz</loc>
<lastmod>2005-01-01</lastmod>
</sitemap>
</sitemapindex>
lastmod时间格式的问题
格式是用ISO 8601的标准,如果是linux/unix系统,可以使用以下函数获取
def get_lastmod_time(filename):
time_stamp = os.path.getmtime(filename)
t = time.localtime(time_stamp)
# return time.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S+08:00', t)
return time.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ', t)
优化
一般来说,用lxml效率低并且内存占用比较大,可以直接用文件的write方法创建。
def generate_xml(filename, url_list):
with gzip.open(filename,"w") as f:
f.write("""<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">\n""")
for i in url_list:
f.write("""<url><loc>%s</loc></url>\n"""%i)
f.write("""</urlset>""")
def append_xml(filename, url_list):
with gzip.open(filename, 'r') as f:
for each_line in f:
d = re.findall('<loc>(http:\/\/.+)<\/loc>', each_line)
url_list.extend(d)
generate_xml(filename, set(url_list))
def modify_time(filename):
time_stamp = os.path.getmtime(filename)
t = time.localtime(time_stamp)
return time.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S:%SZ', t)
def new_xml(filename, url_list):
generate_xml(filename, url_list)
root = dirname(filename)
with open(join(dirname(root), "sitemap.xml"),"w") as f:
f.write('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>\n<sitemapindex xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">\n')
for i in glob.glob(join(root,"*.xml.gz")):
lastmod = modify_time(i)
i = i[len(CONFIG.SITEMAP_PATH):]
f.write("<sitemap>\n<loc>http:/%s</loc>\n"%i)
f.write("<lastmod>%s</lastmod>\n</sitemap>\n"%lastmod)
f.write('</sitemapindex>')
来源:http://ningning.today/2015/07/23/web/用Python脚本生成sitemap-xml/
标签:python,脚本,sitemap.xml
0
投稿
猜你喜欢
安装PHP可能遇到的问题“无法载入mysql扩展” 的解决方法
2023-09-09 04:37:39
Python程序中的观察者模式结构编写示例
2022-08-04 22:12:11
Python正则表达式的应用详解
2023-07-29 21:58:51
Python真题案例之小学算术 阶乘精确值 孪生素数 6174问题详解
2022-12-02 11:09:33
超详细注释之OpenCV制作图像Mask
2021-10-20 14:15:34
基于display:table的CSS布局
2008-10-30 10:38:00
pandas检查和填充缺失值的N种方法总结
2021-03-27 03:25:21
论文查重python文本相似性计算simhash源码
2023-02-05 18:11:35
Python中类的继承代码实例
2023-11-26 05:29:14
python实现可逆简单的加密算法
2023-08-02 04:00:31
ROW_NUMBER SQL Server 2005的LIMIT功能实现(ROW_NUMBER()排序函数)
2012-06-06 20:11:21
在pytorch中对非叶节点的变量计算梯度实例
2021-08-26 10:13:53
python入门while循环语句理解学习
2023-08-28 07:21:54
原创一个js对联广告类(兼容FireFox)
2008-08-01 18:08:00
MySQL数据库锁机制的相关原理简介
2010-04-22 15:34:00
栅格:从混乱到秩序
2008-07-02 12:09:00
python opencv根据颜色进行目标检测的方法示例
2021-09-29 03:53:41
使用Py2Exe for Python3创建自己的exe程序示例
2021-12-25 21:21:10
Mysql导入TXT文件
2012-01-05 19:01:10
网页开发中的容易忽略的问题 javascript HTML中的table
2023-09-04 20:43:52