PyGame贪吃蛇的实现代码示例

最近帮人做了个贪吃蛇的游戏（交作业用），很简单，界面如下：

开始界面：

游戏中界面：

是不是很简单、朴素。（欢迎大家访问GitHub）

游戏是基于PyGame框架制作的，程序核心逻辑如下：

• 游戏界面分辨率是640*480，蛇和食物都是由1个或多个20*20像素的正方形块儿（为了方便，下文用点表示20*20像素的正方形块儿）组成，这样共有32*24个点，使用pygame.draw.rect来绘制每一个点；

• 初始化时蛇的长度是3，食物是1个点，蛇初始的移动的方向是右，用一个数组代表蛇，数组的每个元素是蛇每个点的坐标，因此数组的第一个坐标是蛇尾，最后一个坐标是蛇头；

• 游戏开始后，根据蛇的当前移动方向，将蛇运动方向的前方的那个点append到蛇数组的末位，再把蛇尾去掉，蛇的坐标数组就相当于往前挪了一位；

• 如果蛇吃到了食物，即蛇头的坐标等于食物的坐标，那么在第2点中蛇尾就不用去掉，就产生了蛇长度增加的效果；食物被吃掉后，随机在空的位置（不能与蛇的身体重合）再生成一个；

• 通过PyGame的event监控按键，改变蛇的方向，例如当蛇向右时，下一次改变方向只能向上或者向下；

• 当蛇撞上自身或墙壁，游戏结束，蛇头装上自身，那么蛇坐标数组里就有和舌头坐标重复的数据，撞上墙壁则是蛇头坐标超过了边界，都很好判断；

• 其他细节：做了个开始的欢迎界面；食物的颜色随机生成；吃到实物的时候有声音提示等。

代码：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

"""
@version: v1.0
@author: Harp
@contact: liutao25@baidu.com
@software: PyCharm
@file: MySnake.py
@time: 2018/1/15 0015 23:40
"""

import pygame
from os import path
from sys import exit
from time import sleep
from random import choice
from itertools import product
from pygame.locals import QUIT, KEYDOWN

def direction_check(moving_direction, change_direction):
 directions = [['up', 'down'], ['left', 'right']]
 if moving_direction in directions[0] and change_direction in directions[1]:
   return change_direction
 elif moving_direction in directions[1] and change_direction in directions[0]:
   return change_direction
 return moving_direction

class Snake:

colors = list(product([0, 64, 128, 192, 255], repeat=3))[1:-1]

def __init__(self):
   self.map = {(x, y): 0 for x in range(32) for y in range(24)}
   self.body = [[100, 100], [120, 100], [140, 100]]
   self.head = [140, 100]
   self.food = []
   self.food_color = []
   self.moving_direction = 'right'
   self.speed = 4
   self.generate_food()
   self.game_started = False

def check_game_status(self):
   if self.body.count(self.head) > 1:
     return True
   if self.head[0] < 0 or self.head[0] > 620 or self.head[1] < 0 or self.head[1] > 460:
     return True
   return False

def move_head(self):
   moves = {
     'right': (20, 0),
     'up': (0, -20),
     'down': (0, 20),
     'left': (-20, 0)
   }
   step = moves[self.moving_direction]
   self.head[0] += step[0]
   self.head[1] += step[1]

def generate_food(self):
   self.speed = len(self.body) // 16 if len(self.body) // 16 > 4 else self.speed
   for seg in self.body:
     x, y = seg
     self.map[x//20, y//20] = 1
   empty_pos = [pos for pos in self.map.keys() if not self.map[pos]]
   result = choice(empty_pos)
   self.food_color = list(choice(self.colors))
   self.food = [result[0]*20, result[1]*20]

def main():
 key_direction_dict = {
   119: 'up', # W
   115: 'down', # S
   97: 'left', # A
   100: 'right', # D
   273: 'up', # UP
   274: 'down', # DOWN
   276: 'left', # LEFT
   275: 'right', # RIGHT
 }

fps_clock = pygame.time.Clock()
 pygame.init()
 pygame.mixer.init()
 snake = Snake()
 sound = False
 if path.exists('eat.wav'):
   sound_wav = pygame.mixer.Sound("eat.wav")
   sound = True
 title_font = pygame.font.SysFont('arial', 32)
 welcome_words = title_font.render('Welcome to My Snake', True, (0, 0, 0), (255, 255, 255))
 tips_font = pygame.font.SysFont('arial', 24)
 start_game_words = tips_font.render('Click to Start Game', True, (0, 0, 0), (255, 255, 255))
 close_game_words = tips_font.render('Press ESC to Close', True, (0, 0, 0), (255, 255, 255))
 gameover_words = title_font.render('GAME OVER', True, (205, 92, 92), (255, 255, 255))
 win_words = title_font.render('THE SNAKE IS LONG ENOUGH AND YOU WIN!', True, (0, 0, 205), (255, 255, 255))
 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((640, 480), 0, 32)
 pygame.display.set_caption('My Snake')
 new_direction = snake.moving_direction
 while 1:
   for event in pygame.event.get():
     if event.type == QUIT:
       exit()
     elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
       if event.key == 27:
         exit()
       if snake.game_started and event.key in key_direction_dict:
         direction = key_direction_dict[event.key]
         new_direction = direction_check(snake.moving_direction, direction)
     elif (not snake.game_started) and event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
       x, y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
       if 213 <= x <= 422 and 304 <= y <= 342:
         snake.game_started = True
   screen.fill((255, 255, 255))
   if snake.game_started:
     snake.moving_direction = new_direction # 在这里赋值，而不是在event事件的循环中赋值，避免按键太快
     snake.move_head()
     snake.body.append(snake.head[:])
     if snake.head == snake.food:
       if sound:
         sound_wav.play()
       snake.generate_food()
     else:
       snake.body.pop(0)
     for seg in snake.body:
       pygame.draw.rect(screen, [0, 0, 0], [seg[0], seg[1], 20, 20], 0)
     pygame.draw.rect(screen, snake.food_color, [snake.food[0], snake.food[1], 20, 20], 0)
     if snake.check_game_status():
       screen.blit(gameover_words, (241, 310))
       pygame.display.update()
       snake = Snake()
       new_direction = snake.moving_direction
       sleep(3)
     elif len(snake.body) == 512:
       screen.blit(win_words, (33, 210))
       pygame.display.update()
       snake = Snake()
       new_direction = snake.moving_direction
       sleep(3)
   else:
     screen.blit(welcome_words, (188, 100))
     screen.blit(start_game_words, (236, 310))
     screen.blit(close_game_words, (233, 350))
   pygame.display.update()
   fps_clock.tick(snake.speed)

if __name__ == '__main__':
 main()

来源：https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000013583165