mysql使用mysqld_multi部署单机多实例的方法教程

前言

大家应该都有所体会，随着硬件层面的发展，linux系统多核已经是普通趋势，而mysql是单进程多线程，所以先天上对多进程的利用不是很高，虽然5.6版本已经在这方面改进很多，但是也没有达到100％，所以为了充分的利用系统资源，mysql有自己的补充，那就是可以部署多实例，一个实例一个端口。

mysqld_multi设计用于管理在同一台机器上运行的多个mysqld进程，这些进程使用不同的socket文件并监听在不同的端口上。mysqld_multi可以批量启动、关闭、或者报告这些mysqld进程的状态。

下面话不多说了，来一起看看详细的介绍吧。

一、mysql编译安装：

cd /usr/local/src
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
tar zxvf mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
useradd mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

二、准备第一个多实例3307

2.1 创建目录：

mkdir /usr/local/mysql3307
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql3307/
mkdir -p /data/mysql3307
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql3307
mkdir -p /home/data/mysql3307/binlog
chown -R mysql.mysql /home/data/mysql3307

2.2 配置文件

[root@zhdya01 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin =/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
log =/var/log/mysqld_multi.log
[mysqld1]
socket = /usr/local/mysql3307/mysql.sock
port = 3307
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql3307/mysql.pid
datadir = /data/mysql3307
log_bin=/home/data/mysql3307/binlog
server-id = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0

2.3 初始化数据库

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql3307

三、准备第二个多实例3308

3.1 创建目录：

mkdir /usr/local/mysql3308
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql3308/
mkdir -p /data/mysql3308
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql3308
mkdir -p /home/data/mysql3308/binlog
chown -R mysql.mysql /home/data/mysql3308

3.2 配置文件

[root@zhdya01 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin =/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
log =/var/log/mysqld_multi.log
[mysqld1]
socket = /usr/local/mysql3307/mysql.sock
port = 3307
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql3307/mysql.pid
datadir = /data/mysql3307
log_bin=/home/data/mysql3307/binlog
server-id = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
[mysqld2]
socket = /usr/local/mysql3308/mysql.sock
port = 3308
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql3308/mysql.pid
datadir = /data/mysql3308
log_bin=/home/data/mysql3308/binlog
server-id = 2
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0

3.3 初始化数据库

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql3308

四、启动多实例

/etc/init.d/mysqld start
mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf start 1,2
[root@zhdya01 bin]# !net
netstat -lntp -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address  Foreign Address  State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22  0.0.0.0:*  LISTEN 1241/sshd  
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25  0.0.0.0:*  LISTEN 2087/master  
tcp6 0 0 :::3306   :::*   LISTEN 4406/mysqld  
tcp6 0 0 :::3307   :::*   LISTEN 4197/mysqld  
tcp6 0 0 :::3308   :::*   LISTEN 3359/mysqld  
tcp6 0 0 :::8080   :::*   LISTEN 2222/java  
tcp6 0 0 :::22   :::*   LISTEN 1241/sshd  
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25   :::*   LISTEN 2087/master

五、查看启动状态

[root@zhdya01 bin]# mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is running
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is running

六、停止多实例

[root@zhdya01 bin]# mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf stop 1,2
[root@zhdya01 bin]# mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running

七、各自登录mysql实例

[root@zhdya01 bin]# mysql --socket=/usr/local/mysql3307/mysql.sock
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.35-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>

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