springboot与vue详解实现短信发送流程

作者：仲夏月二十八时间：2023-05-24 14:55:29　

一、前期工作

1.开启邮箱服务

开启邮箱的POP3/SMTP服务（这里以qq邮箱为例，网易等都是一样的）

2.导入依赖

在springboot项目中导入以下依赖：

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>5.3.18</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.21</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.1.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2</version>
</dependency>

3.配置application.yaml文件

# 邮箱设置
spring:
mail:
host: smtp.163.com //如果是qq的邮箱就是smtp.qq.com
password: 开启pop3生成的一个字符串密码
username: 自己的邮箱地址，是什么邮箱后缀就是什么。
port:
default-encoding: UTF-8
protocol: smtp
properties:
mail.smtp.auth: true
mail.smtp.starttls.enable: true
mail.smtp.starttls.required: true
mail.smtp.socketFactory.class: javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory
mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback: false
mail:
smtp:
ssl:
enable: true
mvc:
pathmatch:
matching-strategy: ant_path_matcher
datasource: # jdbc数据库设置
druid:
password: sql密码
username: sql用户
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sys?charsetEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
db-type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
mybatis: #mybatis的配置
type-aliases-package: com.cheng.springcolud.pojo
config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml
mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml

二、实现流程

1.导入数据库

/*
Navicat Premium Data Transfer
Source Server : likai
Source Server Type : MySQL
Source Server Version : 50719
Source Host : localhost:3306
Source Schema : sys
Target Server Type : MySQL
Target Server Version : 50719
File Encoding : 65001
Date: 04/06/2022 14:08:29
*/
SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for useremaillogintable
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `useremaillogintable`;
CREATE TABLE `useremaillogintable` (
`id` int(255) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`email` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
`VerificationCode` int(20) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`createTime` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(0),
PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

2.后端实现

编写实体类

代码如下（示例）：

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@ToString
public class EmailVerification {
private int id;
private String email; //需要发送的邮箱
private Integer verificationCode;//验证码
private Date createTime;
public EmailVerification(String email, Integer verificationCode) {
this.email = email;
this.verificationCode = verificationCode;
}
}

编写工具类ResultVo

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class ResultVO {
private int code;//相应给前端的状态码
private String msg;//相应给前端的提示信息
private Object data;//响应给前端的数据
}

编写dao层接口

Mapper
@Repository
public interface EmailVerificationDao {
/*将短信验证码和个人邮箱保存到数据库中*/
public Boolean getEmailVerificationCode(String email,Integer verificationCode);
/*校验短信信息*/
public List<EmailVerification> checkEmailVerificationCode(String email,Integer verificationCode);
/*查询所有的用户*/
public List<EmailVerification> queryEmailVerificationInfo();
}

配置dao层接口的数据库操作

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.cheng.dao.EmailVerificationDao">
<insert id="getEmailVerificationCode">
insert into sys.useremaillogintable(email, VerificationCode,createTime) VALUES (#{email},#{verificationCode},NOW())
</insert>
<select id="checkEmailVerificationCode" resultType="com.cheng.bean.EmailVerification">
select * from sys.useremaillogintable where email=#{email} and VerificationCode=#{verificationCode}
</select>
<select id="queryEmailVerificationInfo" resultType="com.cheng.bean.EmailVerification" >
select * from sys.useremaillogintable;
</select>
</mapper>

编写service层接口

public interface EmailVerificationCodeService {
public boolean getEmailVerificationCode(String email,Integer verificationCode);
public ResultVO checkEmailVerificationCode(String email, Integer verificationCode);
public ResultVO queryEmailVerificationInfo();
public ResultVO sendEmailVerificationCode(String email);
}

代码讲解: getEmailVerificationCod方法是将数据（验证码和邮箱地址）放入数据库当中，checkEmailVerificationCode是用来校验其验证码和邮箱是否是正确，·queryEmailVerificationInfo·是用来查询所有的数据，在这里我新加了个接口叫做senEmailVerificationCode就是单纯用来发送短信信息的，只有一个参数，他是没有相对应的数据库操作的。

编写service层的实现方法

@Service
public class EmailVerificationCodeServiceImpl implements EmailVerificationCodeService{
@Autowired
EmailVerificationDao emailVerificationDao;
private final static String EmailFrom = "li3122456997@163.com";
private final JavaMailSenderImpl javaMailSender;
public int code = (int)(Math.random() * 9000 + 1000);
public EmailVerificationCodeServiceImpl(JavaMailSenderImpl javaMailSender) {
this.javaMailSender = javaMailSender;
}
@Override
public boolean getEmailVerificationCode(String email,Integer verificationCode) {
verificationCode =code;
return emailVerificationDao.getEmailVerificationCode(email,verificationCode);
}
@Override
public ResultVO checkEmailVerificationCode(String email, Integer verificationCode) {
List<EmailVerification> emailVerifications = emailVerificationDao.checkEmailVerificationCode(email, verificationCode);
if (emailVerifications.size()>0){
return new ResultVO(1001,"校验成功",emailVerifications);
}else {
return new ResultVO(1002,"校验失败",null);
}
}
@Override
public ResultVO queryEmailVerificationInfo() {
List<EmailVerification> emailVerifications = emailVerificationDao.queryEmailVerificationInfo();
return new ResultVO(1001,"success",emailVerifications);
}
@Override
public ResultVO sendEmailVerificationCode(String email) {
SimpleMailMessage simpleMailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage();
simpleMailMessage.setSubject("验证码");
simpleMailMessage.setTo(email);//收件人
simpleMailMessage.setText("验证码为："+code);
simpleMailMessage.setFrom("******@163.com"); //发送的人(写自己的)
javaMailSender.send(simpleMailMessage);
boolean emailVerificationCode = getEmailVerificationCode(email, code);
if (emailVerificationCode){
return new ResultVO(1001,"发送成功！","验证码为:"+code);
}else {
return new ResultVO(1002,"发送失败",null);
}
}
}

代码讲解：这里就一个注重点，就是sendEmailVerificationCode的实现，我将随机数给提出出来，因为getEmailVerificationCode也是需要将随机数给保存到数据库当中的，为了避免两者的验证码不同，我就给其提取出来，以确保其一致性，在sendEmailVerificationCode的实现，我在里面调用了getEmailVerificationCode方法，这样可以保证其邮箱地址的一致性。在通过判断，验证短信是否发送成功。

实现controller层

@RestController
@CrossOrigin//允许回复前端数据，跨域请求允许
public class EmailController {
@Autowired
EmailVerificationCodeService emailVerificationCodeService;
@Autowired
InfoTimingSendServiceImpl infoTimingSendService;
@GetMapping("send")
public ResultVO sendMail(@RequestParam(value = "email") String email){
return emailVerificationCodeService.sendEmailVerificationCode(email);
}
@GetMapping("checkEmailVerification")
public ResultVO checkEmail(@RequestParam(value = "email") String email, @RequestParam(value = "verificationCode") Integer verificationCode){
ResultVO resultVO = emailVerificationCodeService.checkEmailVerificationCode(email, verificationCode);
return resultVO;
}
@GetMapping("queryAll")
public ResultVO queryAll(){
ResultVO resultVO = emailVerificationCodeService.queryEmailVerificationInfo();
return resultVO;
}
}

注意：需要加入@CrossOrigin注解，这个注解是可以解决跨域问题，这个项目我写的是前后端分离的，所以这里需要加入这个在注解，为后面通过axios来获取数据做准备

Test代码

@SpringBootTest
class DemoApplicationTests {
@Autowired
EmailVerificationCodeService emailVerificationCodeService;
@Autowired
InfoTimingSendServiceImpl infoTimingSendService;
@Test
void contextLoads() {
ResultVO aBoolean = emailVerificationCodeService.checkEmailVerificationCode("***@qq.com", 8001);
System.out.println(aBoolean);
}
@Test
void infoSendTest(){
infoTimingSendService.infoSend();
}
@Test
void send(){
final ResultVO resultVO = emailVerificationCodeService.sendEmailVerificationCode("***7@qq.com");
System.out.println(resultVO);
}
}

前端页面的实现

注意：在前端页面我使用了bootstrap框架，vue，axios，所以需要当如相对应的包

注册页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" />
<script src="js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/vue.js"></script>
<style>
</style>
</head>
<body style="background: linear-gradient(to right,#7b4397,#dc2430);">
<div id="container">
<div class="container-fluid" style="color: white;">
<form class="form-horizontal" role="form" style="padding-left: 500px; margin-top: 200px;">
<fieldset>
<div class="form-group">
<p style="font-size: 30px;margin-left: 250px; margin-right: 240px;color:white">登录</p>
<hr style="width: 400px;margin-left: 90px; background-color: red;" />
<p style="font-size: 15px;margin-left: 190px; margin-right: 240px;color:red" id="tips">{{tips}}  </p>
<label for="inputEmail3" class="col-sm-2 control-label">邮箱</label>
<div class="col-sm-3">
<input type="email" v-model="email" class="form-control" id="inputEmail3" placeholder="Email">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="inputPassword3" class="col-sm-2 control-label">验证码</label>
<div class="col-sm-3">
<input v-if="verification_send" type="text" v-model="verification" class="form-control" id="inputPassword3" placeholder="VerificationCode">
<input v-else type="text" class="form-control" v-model="verification" id="inputPassword3" placeholder="5分钟内有效,60s后可重新发送" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-3">
<a type="submit" class="btn btn-default" @click="sign">Sign in</a>
              
<a v-if="time==60" class="btn btn-default" @click="send" class="btn btn-default">{{info}}</a>
<a v-if="time<60&&time>=0" class="btn btn-default" @click="send" class="btn btn-default" style="pointer-events: none;">{{"wait"+time+"s"}}</a>
<a v-if="time<0" class="btn btn-default" @click="send" class="btn btn-default">{{info}}</a>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<script src="js/axios.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var baseUrl="http://localhost:8080/";
var vm = new Vue({
el:'#container',
data:{
info: 'send out',
time: 60,
verification_send: true,
verification:"",
email:"",
tips:""
},
methods:{
send:function (){
var url1 = baseUrl+"/send";
axios.get(url1,{params:{email:vm.email}}).then((res)=>{
console.log(res);
if(res.data.code==1001){
vm.tips="发送成功！";
}else{
vm.tips="发送失败！请稍后再试"
}
});
setInterval(function(){
if(vm.time==60){
vm.time--;
this.time=vm.time;
vm.verification_send = false;
console.log(vm.time);
}else if(vm.time==0){
clearInterval(vm.time)
vm.verification_send = true;
}else{
vm.time--;
console.log(vm.time);
}
},1000);
},
sign:function(){
var url = baseUrl+"/checkEmailVerification";
if(vm.email==""&&vm.verification==""){
vm.tips="请输入验证码或邮箱！";
}else{
axios.get(url,{params:{email:vm.email,verificationCode:vm.verification}})
.then((res)=>{
var vo = res.data;
if(vo.code==1001){
vm.tips="登录成功";
setInterval(function(){
window.location.href="index.html" rel="external nofollow" ;
},3000);
}else{
vm.tips="请输入正确的验证码！";
}
})
}
}
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>

讲解：在这里，在发送按钮上面加入了时间倒计时，当我点击的时候，会倒计时1minute,在这期间，发送按钮是无法被点击的！这就避免了多次放松

index.htm

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<center style="margin-top: 50px;">
<p>欢迎你：</p>
<p>登录成功！</p>
</center>
</body>
</html>

页面效果：